<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy
Lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which could be improved by autophagy, are the “hits” of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> spore powder (GLSP) has the effect of improving liver function. However, there are few reports about its effects on...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1501 |
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| author | Yuxuan Zhang Jiali Zhou Lan Yang Hang Xiao Dongbo Liu Xincong Kang |
| author_facet | Yuxuan Zhang Jiali Zhou Lan Yang Hang Xiao Dongbo Liu Xincong Kang |
| author_sort | Yuxuan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which could be improved by autophagy, are the “hits” of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> spore powder (GLSP) has the effect of improving liver function. However, there are few reports about its effects on and mechanisms impacting MAFLD alleviation. This study investigated the effect of GLSP on hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress and explored the role that autophagy played in this effect. The results showed that GLSP effectively reduced lipid accumulation and activated autophagy in the livers of mice with high-fat-diet-induced disease and palmitic acid-induced hepatocytes. GLSP reduced the lipid accumulation by reducing lipogenesis and promoting lipid oxidation in HepG2 cells. It decreased the production of ROS, increased the activity of SOD and CAT, and improved the mitochondrial membrane potential via the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. The alleviating effects of GLSP on the lipid accumulation and oxidative stress was reversed by 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor. GLSP activated autophagy via the AMPK pathway in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, GLSP could attenuate MAFLD by the improvement of lipid accumulation and oxidative stress via autophagy. This paper is the first to report the improvement of MAFLD through autophagy promotion. It will shed novel light on the discovery of therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy for MAFLD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9e23968cffb14058b7cd25e77e5728da |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-9e23968cffb14058b7cd25e77e5728da2024-12-27T14:06:46ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212024-12-011312150110.3390/antiox13121501<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via AutophagyYuxuan Zhang0Jiali Zhou1Lan Yang2Hang Xiao3Dongbo Liu4Xincong Kang5Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHorticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHorticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaDepartment of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USAHorticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHorticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaLipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which could be improved by autophagy, are the “hits” of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> spore powder (GLSP) has the effect of improving liver function. However, there are few reports about its effects on and mechanisms impacting MAFLD alleviation. This study investigated the effect of GLSP on hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress and explored the role that autophagy played in this effect. The results showed that GLSP effectively reduced lipid accumulation and activated autophagy in the livers of mice with high-fat-diet-induced disease and palmitic acid-induced hepatocytes. GLSP reduced the lipid accumulation by reducing lipogenesis and promoting lipid oxidation in HepG2 cells. It decreased the production of ROS, increased the activity of SOD and CAT, and improved the mitochondrial membrane potential via the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. The alleviating effects of GLSP on the lipid accumulation and oxidative stress was reversed by 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor. GLSP activated autophagy via the AMPK pathway in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, GLSP could attenuate MAFLD by the improvement of lipid accumulation and oxidative stress via autophagy. This paper is the first to report the improvement of MAFLD through autophagy promotion. It will shed novel light on the discovery of therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy for MAFLD.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1501lipid depositionantioxidant<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> sporeswater extractautophagy |
| spellingShingle | Yuxuan Zhang Jiali Zhou Lan Yang Hang Xiao Dongbo Liu Xincong Kang <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy Antioxidants lipid deposition antioxidant <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> spores water extract autophagy |
| title | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy |
| title_full | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy |
| title_fullStr | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy |
| title_short | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Spore Powder Alleviates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress via Autophagy |
| title_sort | i ganoderma lucidum i spore powder alleviates metabolic associated fatty liver disease by improving lipid accumulation and oxidative stress via autophagy |
| topic | lipid deposition antioxidant <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> spores water extract autophagy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1501 |
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