Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study

Objectives This paper aims to investigate resident, facility and country characteristics associated with length of stay in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) across six European countries.Setting Data from a cross-sectional study of deceased residents, conducted in LTCFs in Belgium, England, Finland,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Katherine Froggatt, H Roeline Pasman, Thomas Keegan, Sheila Payne, Lieve Van den Block, Lara Pivodic, Danni Collingridge Moore, Rauha Heikkila, Viola Kijowska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-03-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/3/e033881.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846140142726676480
author Katherine Froggatt
H Roeline Pasman
Thomas Keegan
Sheila Payne
Lieve Van den Block
Lara Pivodic
Danni Collingridge Moore
Rauha Heikkila
Viola Kijowska
author_facet Katherine Froggatt
H Roeline Pasman
Thomas Keegan
Sheila Payne
Lieve Van den Block
Lara Pivodic
Danni Collingridge Moore
Rauha Heikkila
Viola Kijowska
author_sort Katherine Froggatt
collection DOAJ
description Objectives This paper aims to investigate resident, facility and country characteristics associated with length of stay in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) across six European countries.Setting Data from a cross-sectional study of deceased residents, conducted in LTCFs in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland.Participants All residents aged 65 years and older at admission who died in a 3-month period residing in a proportional random sample of LTCFs were included.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was length of stay in days, calculated from date of admission and date of death. Resident, facility and country characteristics were included in a proportional hazards model.Results The proportion of deaths within 1 year of admission was 42% (range 32%–63%). Older age at admission (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.06), being married/in a civil partnership at time of death (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.89), having cancer at time of death (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.10) and admission from a hospital (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.37) or another LTCF (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.40) were associated with shorter lengths of stay across all countries. Being female (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.90) was associated with longer lengths of stay.Conclusions Length of stay varied significantly between countries. Factors prior to LTCF admission, in particular the availability of resources that allow an older adult to remain living in the community, appear to influence length of stay. Further research is needed to explore the availability of long-term care in the community prior to admission and its influence on the trajectories of LTCF residents in Europe.
format Article
id doaj-art-9dba054606504ef0810dcef5d13a1693
institution Kabale University
issn 2044-6055
language English
publishDate 2020-03-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Open
spelling doaj-art-9dba054606504ef0810dcef5d13a16932024-12-05T18:40:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552020-03-0110310.1136/bmjopen-2019-033881Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional studyKatherine Froggatt0H Roeline Pasman1Thomas Keegan2Sheila Payne3Lieve Van den Block4Lara Pivodic5Danni Collingridge Moore6Rauha Heikkila7Viola Kijowska8International Observatory on End of Life Care, Lancaster University Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster, Lancashire, UKDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, NetherlandsLancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UKInternational Observatory on End of Life Care, Lancaster University Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster, Lancashire, UKEnd-of-Life Care Research Group, Department of Family Medicine and Chronic Care, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumEnd-of-Life Care Research Group, Department of Family Medicine and Chronic Care, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumInternational Observatory on End of Life Care, Lancaster University Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster, Lancashire, UKAgeing, Disability and Functioning Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FinlandUnit for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandObjectives This paper aims to investigate resident, facility and country characteristics associated with length of stay in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) across six European countries.Setting Data from a cross-sectional study of deceased residents, conducted in LTCFs in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland.Participants All residents aged 65 years and older at admission who died in a 3-month period residing in a proportional random sample of LTCFs were included.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was length of stay in days, calculated from date of admission and date of death. Resident, facility and country characteristics were included in a proportional hazards model.Results The proportion of deaths within 1 year of admission was 42% (range 32%–63%). Older age at admission (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.06), being married/in a civil partnership at time of death (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.89), having cancer at time of death (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.10) and admission from a hospital (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.37) or another LTCF (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.40) were associated with shorter lengths of stay across all countries. Being female (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.90) was associated with longer lengths of stay.Conclusions Length of stay varied significantly between countries. Factors prior to LTCF admission, in particular the availability of resources that allow an older adult to remain living in the community, appear to influence length of stay. Further research is needed to explore the availability of long-term care in the community prior to admission and its influence on the trajectories of LTCF residents in Europe.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/3/e033881.full
spellingShingle Katherine Froggatt
H Roeline Pasman
Thomas Keegan
Sheila Payne
Lieve Van den Block
Lara Pivodic
Danni Collingridge Moore
Rauha Heikkila
Viola Kijowska
Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
BMJ Open
title Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
title_full Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
title_short Length of stay in long-term care facilities: a comparison of residents in six European countries. Results of the PACE cross-sectional study
title_sort length of stay in long term care facilities a comparison of residents in six european countries results of the pace cross sectional study
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/3/e033881.full
work_keys_str_mv AT katherinefroggatt lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT hroelinepasman lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT thomaskeegan lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT sheilapayne lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT lievevandenblock lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT larapivodic lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT dannicollingridgemoore lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT rauhaheikkila lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy
AT violakijowska lengthofstayinlongtermcarefacilitiesacomparisonofresidentsinsixeuropeancountriesresultsofthepacecrosssectionalstudy