Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization
ABSTRACT Background Risk factors for the development of fluid overload (FO) and its potential negative effects have not been investigated in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives Evaluate risk factors and outcomes in hospitalized dogs that received fluids IV and developed clinical signs of FO compared to thos...
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Wiley
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70132 |
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| author | Alexandra Pfaff Emmanuelle M. Butty Elizabeth A. Rozanski Armelle M. deLaforcade Jacqueline N. Hicks Noa Berlin |
| author_facet | Alexandra Pfaff Emmanuelle M. Butty Elizabeth A. Rozanski Armelle M. deLaforcade Jacqueline N. Hicks Noa Berlin |
| author_sort | Alexandra Pfaff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background Risk factors for the development of fluid overload (FO) and its potential negative effects have not been investigated in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives Evaluate risk factors and outcomes in hospitalized dogs that received fluids IV and developed clinical signs of FO compared to those that did not. Animals One hundred thirty‐six dogs that developed FO and 109 dogs without FO. Methods Retrospective observational study of hospitalized dogs. Variables were compared between dogs that developed clinical signs of FO (FO group) and dogs without FO (control group). Results Compared to the control group, dogs in the FO group were significantly more likely to have cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR], 18.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4–60), protein‐losing nephropathy (OR, 15.3; 95% CI, 2.0–116.8), chronic kidney disease (OR, 10; 95% CI, 3.0–33.8), and acute kidney injury (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.5–10.6). The total fluid volume administered IV was not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.16). Only 6.0% of dogs with clinical signs of FO gained > 10% weight from non‐dehydrated baseline and thus met the FO definition used in human medicine. Compared with the control group, dogs with FO had a significantly longer median duration of hospitalization (p < 0.001) and were less likely to survive to discharge (p < 0.001). Conclusions and Clinical Importance FO was more common with certain underlying diseases but not associated with total fluid volume administered IV. The definition for FO in human medicine using weight gain requires further evaluation in dogs. FO was associated with worse outcomes and longer hospitalization time. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d89db3c17e94005aeb41640b0fadd0f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d89db3c17e94005aeb41640b0fadd0f2025-08-20T03:56:09ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-07-01394n/an/a10.1111/jvim.70132Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During HospitalizationAlexandra Pfaff0Emmanuelle M. Butty1Elizabeth A. Rozanski2Armelle M. deLaforcade3Jacqueline N. Hicks4Noa Berlin5Department of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts USADepartment of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts USADepartment of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts USADepartment of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts USADepartment of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Boston University Boston Massachusetts USADepartment of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts USAABSTRACT Background Risk factors for the development of fluid overload (FO) and its potential negative effects have not been investigated in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives Evaluate risk factors and outcomes in hospitalized dogs that received fluids IV and developed clinical signs of FO compared to those that did not. Animals One hundred thirty‐six dogs that developed FO and 109 dogs without FO. Methods Retrospective observational study of hospitalized dogs. Variables were compared between dogs that developed clinical signs of FO (FO group) and dogs without FO (control group). Results Compared to the control group, dogs in the FO group were significantly more likely to have cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR], 18.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4–60), protein‐losing nephropathy (OR, 15.3; 95% CI, 2.0–116.8), chronic kidney disease (OR, 10; 95% CI, 3.0–33.8), and acute kidney injury (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.5–10.6). The total fluid volume administered IV was not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.16). Only 6.0% of dogs with clinical signs of FO gained > 10% weight from non‐dehydrated baseline and thus met the FO definition used in human medicine. Compared with the control group, dogs with FO had a significantly longer median duration of hospitalization (p < 0.001) and were less likely to survive to discharge (p < 0.001). Conclusions and Clinical Importance FO was more common with certain underlying diseases but not associated with total fluid volume administered IV. The definition for FO in human medicine using weight gain requires further evaluation in dogs. FO was associated with worse outcomes and longer hospitalization time.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70132edemafluid administrationfluid balancehypervolemia |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Pfaff Emmanuelle M. Butty Elizabeth A. Rozanski Armelle M. deLaforcade Jacqueline N. Hicks Noa Berlin Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine edema fluid administration fluid balance hypervolemia |
| title | Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization |
| title_full | Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization |
| title_fullStr | Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization |
| title_short | Retrospective Evaluation of Risk Factors and Outcome in Dogs With and Without Fluid Overload During Hospitalization |
| title_sort | retrospective evaluation of risk factors and outcome in dogs with and without fluid overload during hospitalization |
| topic | edema fluid administration fluid balance hypervolemia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70132 |
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