Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report
Introduction: Diabetic emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are life-threatening complications, often precipitated by infections or illnesses such as COVID-19. Case presentation: A 55-year-old African American female presented to their primary care physician, complaining of fatigue, dehy...
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European Medical Journal
2022-05-01
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| Series: | European Medical Journal Diabetes |
| Online Access: | https://www.emjreviews.com/diabetes/article/diabetic-ketoacidosis-precipitated-by-covid-19-a-case-report/ |
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| author | Prathayini Paramanathan Muhammad Abbas |
| author_facet | Prathayini Paramanathan Muhammad Abbas |
| author_sort | Prathayini Paramanathan |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: Diabetic emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are life-threatening complications, often precipitated by infections or illnesses such as COVID-19. Case presentation: A 55-year-old African American female presented to their primary care physician, complaining of fatigue, dehydration, decreased appetite, hypersomnia, and sudden weight loss, and a past medical history of Type 2 diabetes. They had a glucose level of >15 mmol/L and ketone level of >16 mmol/L; they were immediately sent to the emergency department for assessment of DKA. There, the patient tested positive for COVID-19. They had a glucose level of 361 mg/dL, a pH of 7.11, a bicarbonate level of 10 mEq/L, a sodium level of 125 mEq/L, a potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L, a chloride level of 95 mEq/L, an anion gap of 20, and a positive ketone level. Over the next few days, the patient’s condition got worse; their chest CT scan showed ground-glass opacities with consolidations in the middle and inferior lobes of the lungs bilaterally, along with interlobular septal thickening, which are consistent with an atypical infection, respiratory distress, and pneumonia. The patient was on intravenous fluids, insulin therapy and empirical antibiotics for the next few weeks, and eventually recovered. Discussion: Factors precipitating DKA in patients with diabetes in the setting of COVID-19are: the increased secretions of stress hormones that counter the effects of insulin and increase blood glucose levels, and the ways in which severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 interacts with human cells, leading to pancreatic islet cell damage. Conclusion: Diabetes and COVID-19 intensify each other’s complications in patients diagnosed with both. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d6479267a1e4f1e8f7d65b7a5b65ea7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2054-6181 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | European Medical Journal |
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| series | European Medical Journal Diabetes |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d6479267a1e4f1e8f7d65b7a5b65ea72025-01-16T16:58:12ZengEuropean Medical JournalEuropean Medical Journal Diabetes2054-61812022-05-0110.33590/emj/21-00125Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case ReportPrathayini Paramanathan0Muhammad Abbas1All Saints University College of Medicine, Arnos Vale, Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesAvalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, Curaçao Introduction: Diabetic emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are life-threatening complications, often precipitated by infections or illnesses such as COVID-19. Case presentation: A 55-year-old African American female presented to their primary care physician, complaining of fatigue, dehydration, decreased appetite, hypersomnia, and sudden weight loss, and a past medical history of Type 2 diabetes. They had a glucose level of >15 mmol/L and ketone level of >16 mmol/L; they were immediately sent to the emergency department for assessment of DKA. There, the patient tested positive for COVID-19. They had a glucose level of 361 mg/dL, a pH of 7.11, a bicarbonate level of 10 mEq/L, a sodium level of 125 mEq/L, a potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L, a chloride level of 95 mEq/L, an anion gap of 20, and a positive ketone level. Over the next few days, the patient’s condition got worse; their chest CT scan showed ground-glass opacities with consolidations in the middle and inferior lobes of the lungs bilaterally, along with interlobular septal thickening, which are consistent with an atypical infection, respiratory distress, and pneumonia. The patient was on intravenous fluids, insulin therapy and empirical antibiotics for the next few weeks, and eventually recovered. Discussion: Factors precipitating DKA in patients with diabetes in the setting of COVID-19are: the increased secretions of stress hormones that counter the effects of insulin and increase blood glucose levels, and the ways in which severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 interacts with human cells, leading to pancreatic islet cell damage. Conclusion: Diabetes and COVID-19 intensify each other’s complications in patients diagnosed with both.https://www.emjreviews.com/diabetes/article/diabetic-ketoacidosis-precipitated-by-covid-19-a-case-report/ |
| spellingShingle | Prathayini Paramanathan Muhammad Abbas Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report European Medical Journal Diabetes |
| title | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report |
| title_full | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report |
| title_fullStr | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report |
| title_short | Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report |
| title_sort | diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by covid 19 a case report |
| url | https://www.emjreviews.com/diabetes/article/diabetic-ketoacidosis-precipitated-by-covid-19-a-case-report/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT prathayiniparamanathan diabeticketoacidosisprecipitatedbycovid19acasereport AT muhammadabbas diabeticketoacidosisprecipitatedbycovid19acasereport |