Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface

Abstract. Chronic primary musculoskeletal pain is prevalent and often the cause of medico-legal dispute. Pain with an unknown etiology that occurs in the absence of substantial tissue abnormality has challenged the health care community for decades. The World Health Organization now recognizes chron...

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Main Authors: Rodrigo Deamo Assis, Nimish Mittal, Hance Clarke, Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer 2025-10-01
Series:PAIN Reports
Online Access:http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001316
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author Rodrigo Deamo Assis
Nimish Mittal
Hance Clarke
Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
author_facet Rodrigo Deamo Assis
Nimish Mittal
Hance Clarke
Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
author_sort Rodrigo Deamo Assis
collection DOAJ
description Abstract. Chronic primary musculoskeletal pain is prevalent and often the cause of medico-legal dispute. Pain with an unknown etiology that occurs in the absence of substantial tissue abnormality has challenged the health care community for decades. The World Health Organization now recognizes chronic primary pain (CPP) conditions as valid conditions that are prevalent and a cause of considerable suffering. Without an objective test or biomarker to confirm diagnosis or measure severity, CPP conditions may be brought before the Court with questions of severity, causation, functional impairment, and disablement. The many subjective symptoms that associate with CPP pain add to the total burden of illness and also to the complexity of the adjudication process. This review will discuss the responsibilities of clinicians when providing an opinion to aid a legal adjudication process. Medical information regarding CPP should be objectively and clearly stated, without bias and must remain within the practice domain of the clinician. The distinct roles of the treating clinician and the medico-legal expert will be compared. Issues concerning assessment of severity, validity measures to assess subjective symptoms, matters of causation, and impact on function are discussed. Irrespective of the legal setting, whether a regional tribunal or higher national court, the health care professional providing testimony must adhere to the highest ethical standards. Understanding the medico-legal process that functions in parallel, but differently from clinical care, will prepare health care professionals to provide relevant information that will lead to a fair and just outcome for those truly suffering with chronic pain.
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publisher Wolters Kluwer
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spelling doaj-art-9c02ccd9d5824f79a327b10bb10873d42025-08-26T03:25:51ZengWolters KluwerPAIN Reports2471-25312025-10-01105e131610.1097/PR9.0000000000001316PR90000000000001316Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interfaceRodrigo Deamo Assis0Nimish Mittal1Hance Clarke2Mary-Ann Fitzcharles3a Centre Intégré de Santé et Services Sociaux de l’Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, Canadab Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canadad Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Pain Research Unit, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canadaf Department of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaAbstract. Chronic primary musculoskeletal pain is prevalent and often the cause of medico-legal dispute. Pain with an unknown etiology that occurs in the absence of substantial tissue abnormality has challenged the health care community for decades. The World Health Organization now recognizes chronic primary pain (CPP) conditions as valid conditions that are prevalent and a cause of considerable suffering. Without an objective test or biomarker to confirm diagnosis or measure severity, CPP conditions may be brought before the Court with questions of severity, causation, functional impairment, and disablement. The many subjective symptoms that associate with CPP pain add to the total burden of illness and also to the complexity of the adjudication process. This review will discuss the responsibilities of clinicians when providing an opinion to aid a legal adjudication process. Medical information regarding CPP should be objectively and clearly stated, without bias and must remain within the practice domain of the clinician. The distinct roles of the treating clinician and the medico-legal expert will be compared. Issues concerning assessment of severity, validity measures to assess subjective symptoms, matters of causation, and impact on function are discussed. Irrespective of the legal setting, whether a regional tribunal or higher national court, the health care professional providing testimony must adhere to the highest ethical standards. Understanding the medico-legal process that functions in parallel, but differently from clinical care, will prepare health care professionals to provide relevant information that will lead to a fair and just outcome for those truly suffering with chronic pain.http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001316
spellingShingle Rodrigo Deamo Assis
Nimish Mittal
Hance Clarke
Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
PAIN Reports
title Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
title_full Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
title_fullStr Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
title_full_unstemmed Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
title_short Medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain: the clinical medico-legal interface
title_sort medical jurisprudence in the context of chronic musculoskeletal nociplastic pain the clinical medico legal interface
url http://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/10.1097/PR9.0000000000001316
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