Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome
Background: Galectin-4 is a member of β-galactoside-binding protein family, which is mainly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and also secreted into the extracellular environment. Studies have shown that galectin-4 is involved in the regulation of proliferation and metastasis of gastric...
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MONIKI
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Alʹmanah Kliničeskoj Mediciny |
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| Online Access: | https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/viewFile/17362/1698 |
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| author | Elena Y. Yakunina Olga V. Kovaleva Ruslan A. Zukov Alexey N. Gratchev Sergey S. Salamatin Sofya O. Kochkina Zaman Z. Mammadli Nikolay E. Kushlinskii |
| author_facet | Elena Y. Yakunina Olga V. Kovaleva Ruslan A. Zukov Alexey N. Gratchev Sergey S. Salamatin Sofya O. Kochkina Zaman Z. Mammadli Nikolay E. Kushlinskii |
| author_sort | Elena Y. Yakunina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Galectin-4 is a member of β-galactoside-binding protein family, which is mainly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and also secreted into the extracellular environment. Studies have shown that galectin-4 is involved in the regulation of proliferation and metastasis of gastric and pancreatic cancer tumor cells. The results of studies on the clinical significance of galectin-4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) are ambiguous: some studies showed its increased expression, associated with aggressive course and unfavorable prognosis, while others showed its decrease.
Aim: To analyze the clinical significance of the soluble form of galectin-4 in CRC.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 130 patients (mean age, 61 year) with a verified diagnosis of CRC, who had been examined and treated from 2016 to 2022. Galectin-4 levels were measured in serum obtained by a standard method before the start of specific treatment, by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors (mean age, 53 years).
Results: The median concentration of galectin-4 in the CRC patients was higher than in the control group (531.9 [350.6–1380] pg/mL vs. 330.1 [173.0–566.4] pg/mL, p = 0.0004). The ROC analysis demonstrated maximum sensitivity and specificity of the test (66% and 67%, respectively) at a threshold value of 426.3 pg/mL (area under the curve 0.706 with 95% confidence interval 0.594–0.817; p = 0.0005). The galectin-4 levels were higher at advanced stages of the disease (p = 0.002) and in the presence of distant metastases (p 0.0001). Cox regression analysis showed that tumor size and distant metastases were independent prognostic factors (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.87; p = 0.0439; HR = 720.4; p = 0.0062, respectively) associated with decreased survival. Galectin-4 is not a prognostic marker of CRC (HR = 2.434; p = 0.079).
Conclusion: The amounts of the soluble galectin-4 are associated with tumor progression, indicating a possible tumor-promoting function of this protein. However, its diagnostic value remains limited, as the method of serum galectin-4 determination has shown insufficient sensitivity and specificity for its routine use for the diagnosis of CRC. According to the results of univariate and multivariate analyses, serum galectin-4 is not a significant prognostic marker of CRC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9bd78bcfe5384c4494fd46d56264ef62 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-0505 2587-9294 |
| language | Russian |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MONIKI |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alʹmanah Kliničeskoj Mediciny |
| spelling | doaj-art-9bd78bcfe5384c4494fd46d56264ef622025-01-15T13:59:41ZrusMONIKIAlʹmanah Kliničeskoj Mediciny2072-05052587-92942024-12-0152632433010.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-0321006Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcomeElena Y. Yakunina0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1544-8606Olga V. Kovaleva1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-9924Ruslan A. Zukov2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-3020Alexey N. Gratchev3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2137-1866Sergey S. Salamatin4https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0370-5897Sofya O. Kochkina5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-942XZaman Z. Mammadli6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-1247Nikolay E. Kushlinskii7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-4127A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology DispensaryN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of OncologyA.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology DispensaryN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of OncologyRussian University of MedicineN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of OncologyN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of OncologyN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of OncologyBackground: Galectin-4 is a member of β-galactoside-binding protein family, which is mainly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and also secreted into the extracellular environment. Studies have shown that galectin-4 is involved in the regulation of proliferation and metastasis of gastric and pancreatic cancer tumor cells. The results of studies on the clinical significance of galectin-4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) are ambiguous: some studies showed its increased expression, associated with aggressive course and unfavorable prognosis, while others showed its decrease. Aim: To analyze the clinical significance of the soluble form of galectin-4 in CRC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 130 patients (mean age, 61 year) with a verified diagnosis of CRC, who had been examined and treated from 2016 to 2022. Galectin-4 levels were measured in serum obtained by a standard method before the start of specific treatment, by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors (mean age, 53 years). Results: The median concentration of galectin-4 in the CRC patients was higher than in the control group (531.9 [350.6–1380] pg/mL vs. 330.1 [173.0–566.4] pg/mL, p = 0.0004). The ROC analysis demonstrated maximum sensitivity and specificity of the test (66% and 67%, respectively) at a threshold value of 426.3 pg/mL (area under the curve 0.706 with 95% confidence interval 0.594–0.817; p = 0.0005). The galectin-4 levels were higher at advanced stages of the disease (p = 0.002) and in the presence of distant metastases (p 0.0001). Cox regression analysis showed that tumor size and distant metastases were independent prognostic factors (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.87; p = 0.0439; HR = 720.4; p = 0.0062, respectively) associated with decreased survival. Galectin-4 is not a prognostic marker of CRC (HR = 2.434; p = 0.079). Conclusion: The amounts of the soluble galectin-4 are associated with tumor progression, indicating a possible tumor-promoting function of this protein. However, its diagnostic value remains limited, as the method of serum galectin-4 determination has shown insufficient sensitivity and specificity for its routine use for the diagnosis of CRC. According to the results of univariate and multivariate analyses, serum galectin-4 is not a significant prognostic marker of CRC.https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/viewFile/17362/1698colorectal cancergalectin-4serumprognostic relevance |
| spellingShingle | Elena Y. Yakunina Olga V. Kovaleva Ruslan A. Zukov Alexey N. Gratchev Sergey S. Salamatin Sofya O. Kochkina Zaman Z. Mammadli Nikolay E. Kushlinskii Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome Alʹmanah Kliničeskoj Mediciny colorectal cancer galectin-4 serum prognostic relevance |
| title | Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| title_full | Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| title_fullStr | Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| title_short | Soluble galectin-4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression, but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| title_sort | soluble galectin 4 in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor progression but is not a predictor of the disease outcome |
| topic | colorectal cancer galectin-4 serum prognostic relevance |
| url | https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/viewFile/17362/1698 |
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