Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework

The geo-effectiveness of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a critical area of study in space weather, particularly in the lesser-explored domain of CME–CME interactions and their geomagnetic consequences. This study leverages the Space Weather Adaptive SimulaTion framework to perform 3D MHD simulatio...

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Main Authors: Prateek Mayank, Stefan Lotz, Bhargav Vaidya, Wageesh Mishra, D. Chakrabarty
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2024-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad8084
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author Prateek Mayank
Stefan Lotz
Bhargav Vaidya
Wageesh Mishra
D. Chakrabarty
author_facet Prateek Mayank
Stefan Lotz
Bhargav Vaidya
Wageesh Mishra
D. Chakrabarty
author_sort Prateek Mayank
collection DOAJ
description The geo-effectiveness of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a critical area of study in space weather, particularly in the lesser-explored domain of CME–CME interactions and their geomagnetic consequences. This study leverages the Space Weather Adaptive SimulaTion framework to perform 3D MHD simulation of a range of CME–CME interaction scenarios within realistic solar wind conditions. The focus is on the dynamics of the initial magnetic flux, speed, density, and tilt of CMEs, and their individual and combined impacts on the disturbance storm time (Dst) index. Additionally, the kinematic, magnetic, and structural impacts on the leading CME, as well as the mixing of both CMEs, are analyzed. Time-series in situ studies are conducted through virtual spacecraft positioned along three different longitudes at 1 au. Our findings reveal that CME–CME interactions are nonuniform along different longitudes, due to the inhomogeneous ambient solar wind conditions. A significant increase in the momentum and kinetic energy of the leading CME is observed due to collisions with the trailing CME, along with the formation of reverse shocks in cases of strong interaction. These reverse shocks lead to complex wave patterns inside CME2, which can prolong the storm recovery phase. Furthermore, we observe that the minimum Dst value decreases with an increase in the initial density, tilt, and speed of the trailing CME.
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spelling doaj-art-9ae54b5dd2714e20a5900d74d2e27e1c2024-11-18T14:00:33ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01976112610.3847/1538-4357/ad8084Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi FrameworkPrateek Mayank0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8265-6254Stefan Lotz1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-348XBhargav Vaidya2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5424-0059Wageesh Mishra3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2740-2280D. Chakrabarty4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2693-5325Department of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552, India ; prateekmayank9@gmail.comSouth African National Space Agency , Hermanus 7200, South AfricaDepartment of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552, India ; prateekmayank9@gmail.com; Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India , IISER Kolkata 741246, IndiaIndian Institute of Astrophysics , Bangalore 560300, IndiaSpace and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory , Ahmedabad 380009, IndiaThe geo-effectiveness of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a critical area of study in space weather, particularly in the lesser-explored domain of CME–CME interactions and their geomagnetic consequences. This study leverages the Space Weather Adaptive SimulaTion framework to perform 3D MHD simulation of a range of CME–CME interaction scenarios within realistic solar wind conditions. The focus is on the dynamics of the initial magnetic flux, speed, density, and tilt of CMEs, and their individual and combined impacts on the disturbance storm time (Dst) index. Additionally, the kinematic, magnetic, and structural impacts on the leading CME, as well as the mixing of both CMEs, are analyzed. Time-series in situ studies are conducted through virtual spacecraft positioned along three different longitudes at 1 au. Our findings reveal that CME–CME interactions are nonuniform along different longitudes, due to the inhomogeneous ambient solar wind conditions. A significant increase in the momentum and kinetic energy of the leading CME is observed due to collisions with the trailing CME, along with the formation of reverse shocks in cases of strong interaction. These reverse shocks lead to complex wave patterns inside CME2, which can prolong the storm recovery phase. Furthermore, we observe that the minimum Dst value decreases with an increase in the initial density, tilt, and speed of the trailing CME.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad8084Solar coronal mass ejectionsSolar windSpace weatherInterplanetary shocksMagnetohydrodynamical simulationsSolar storm
spellingShingle Prateek Mayank
Stefan Lotz
Bhargav Vaidya
Wageesh Mishra
D. Chakrabarty
Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
The Astrophysical Journal
Solar coronal mass ejections
Solar wind
Space weather
Interplanetary shocks
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations
Solar storm
title Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
title_full Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
title_fullStr Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
title_full_unstemmed Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
title_short Study of Evolution and Geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejection–Coronal Mass Ejection Interactions Using Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations with SWASTi Framework
title_sort study of evolution and geo effectiveness of coronal mass ejection coronal mass ejection interactions using magnetohydrodynamic simulations with swasti framework
topic Solar coronal mass ejections
Solar wind
Space weather
Interplanetary shocks
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations
Solar storm
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad8084
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