Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia

Abstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigat...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ana Amorim-de-Sousa, Ranjay Chakraborty, Michael J. Collins, Paulo Fernandes, José González‑Méijome, Jens Hannibal, Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi, Scott A. Read, Jens Ellrich, Tim Schilling
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:Bioelectronic Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846171756010668032
author Ana Amorim-de-Sousa
Ranjay Chakraborty
Michael J. Collins
Paulo Fernandes
José González‑Méijome
Jens Hannibal
Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi
Scott A. Read
Jens Ellrich
Tim Schilling
author_facet Ana Amorim-de-Sousa
Ranjay Chakraborty
Michael J. Collins
Paulo Fernandes
José González‑Méijome
Jens Hannibal
Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi
Scott A. Read
Jens Ellrich
Tim Schilling
author_sort Ana Amorim-de-Sousa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigated. Parameters and site of light stimulation are mainly defined by the photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive to blue light with a peak wavelength of 480 nm and localized on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge to the optic disc, corresponding to the physiological blind spot. Blue light at the blind spot (BluSpot) stimulation provides the opportunity to activate the vast majority of ipRGC and avoids additional involvement of rods and cones which may exert incalculable effects on the signaling cascade. Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and psychophysical methods to unravel the mode of action of BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation of melanopsin, improvement of contrast sensitivity, gain in electrical retinal activity, and increase of choroidal thickness following BluSpot stimulation. Short-term changes of clinically relevant biomarkers lead to the hypothesis that BluSpot stimulation may exert antimyopic effects with long-term application.
format Article
id doaj-art-99a85aa8f16d4ff0866fb1c6ccf105d0
institution Kabale University
issn 2332-8886
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Bioelectronic Medicine
spelling doaj-art-99a85aa8f16d4ff0866fb1c6ccf105d02024-11-10T12:35:21ZengBMCBioelectronic Medicine2332-88862024-11-011011910.1186/s42234-024-00159-0Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopiaAna Amorim-de-Sousa0Ranjay Chakraborty1Michael J. Collins2Paulo Fernandes3José González‑Méijome4Jens Hannibal5Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi6Scott A. Read7Jens Ellrich8Tim Schilling9Clinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoMyopia and Visual Development Lab, Flinders University College of Nursing and Health SciencesContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyClinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoClinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of CopenhagenContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyDopavision GmbHDopavision GmbHAbstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigated. Parameters and site of light stimulation are mainly defined by the photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive to blue light with a peak wavelength of 480 nm and localized on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge to the optic disc, corresponding to the physiological blind spot. Blue light at the blind spot (BluSpot) stimulation provides the opportunity to activate the vast majority of ipRGC and avoids additional involvement of rods and cones which may exert incalculable effects on the signaling cascade. Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and psychophysical methods to unravel the mode of action of BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation of melanopsin, improvement of contrast sensitivity, gain in electrical retinal activity, and increase of choroidal thickness following BluSpot stimulation. Short-term changes of clinically relevant biomarkers lead to the hypothesis that BluSpot stimulation may exert antimyopic effects with long-term application.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0Axial lengthChoroidal thicknessContrast sensitivityDopamineElectroretinogramGanglion cells
spellingShingle Ana Amorim-de-Sousa
Ranjay Chakraborty
Michael J. Collins
Paulo Fernandes
José González‑Méijome
Jens Hannibal
Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi
Scott A. Read
Jens Ellrich
Tim Schilling
Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
Bioelectronic Medicine
Axial length
Choroidal thickness
Contrast sensitivity
Dopamine
Electroretinogram
Ganglion cells
title Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
title_full Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
title_fullStr Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
title_full_unstemmed Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
title_short Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
title_sort blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
topic Axial length
Choroidal thickness
Contrast sensitivity
Dopamine
Electroretinogram
Ganglion cells
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0
work_keys_str_mv AT anaamorimdesousa bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT ranjaychakraborty bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT michaeljcollins bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT paulofernandes bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT josegonzalezmeijome bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT jenshannibal bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT hoseinhoseiniyazdi bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT scottaread bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT jensellrich bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia
AT timschilling bluelightstimulationoftheblindspotinhumanfrommelanopsintoclinicallyrelevantbiomarkersofmyopia