Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia
Abstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigat...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Bioelectronic Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0 |
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| author | Ana Amorim-de-Sousa Ranjay Chakraborty Michael J. Collins Paulo Fernandes José González‑Méijome Jens Hannibal Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi Scott A. Read Jens Ellrich Tim Schilling |
| author_facet | Ana Amorim-de-Sousa Ranjay Chakraborty Michael J. Collins Paulo Fernandes José González‑Méijome Jens Hannibal Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi Scott A. Read Jens Ellrich Tim Schilling |
| author_sort | Ana Amorim-de-Sousa |
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| description | Abstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigated. Parameters and site of light stimulation are mainly defined by the photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive to blue light with a peak wavelength of 480 nm and localized on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge to the optic disc, corresponding to the physiological blind spot. Blue light at the blind spot (BluSpot) stimulation provides the opportunity to activate the vast majority of ipRGC and avoids additional involvement of rods and cones which may exert incalculable effects on the signaling cascade. Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and psychophysical methods to unravel the mode of action of BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation of melanopsin, improvement of contrast sensitivity, gain in electrical retinal activity, and increase of choroidal thickness following BluSpot stimulation. Short-term changes of clinically relevant biomarkers lead to the hypothesis that BluSpot stimulation may exert antimyopic effects with long-term application. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2332-8886 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Bioelectronic Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-99a85aa8f16d4ff0866fb1c6ccf105d02024-11-10T12:35:21ZengBMCBioelectronic Medicine2332-88862024-11-011011910.1186/s42234-024-00159-0Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopiaAna Amorim-de-Sousa0Ranjay Chakraborty1Michael J. Collins2Paulo Fernandes3José González‑Méijome4Jens Hannibal5Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi6Scott A. Read7Jens Ellrich8Tim Schilling9Clinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoMyopia and Visual Development Lab, Flinders University College of Nursing and Health SciencesContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyClinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoClinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, University of MinhoDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of CopenhagenContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyContact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of TechnologyDopavision GmbHDopavision GmbHAbstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigated. Parameters and site of light stimulation are mainly defined by the photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive to blue light with a peak wavelength of 480 nm and localized on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge to the optic disc, corresponding to the physiological blind spot. Blue light at the blind spot (BluSpot) stimulation provides the opportunity to activate the vast majority of ipRGC and avoids additional involvement of rods and cones which may exert incalculable effects on the signaling cascade. Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and psychophysical methods to unravel the mode of action of BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation of melanopsin, improvement of contrast sensitivity, gain in electrical retinal activity, and increase of choroidal thickness following BluSpot stimulation. Short-term changes of clinically relevant biomarkers lead to the hypothesis that BluSpot stimulation may exert antimyopic effects with long-term application.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0Axial lengthChoroidal thicknessContrast sensitivityDopamineElectroretinogramGanglion cells |
| spellingShingle | Ana Amorim-de-Sousa Ranjay Chakraborty Michael J. Collins Paulo Fernandes José González‑Méijome Jens Hannibal Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi Scott A. Read Jens Ellrich Tim Schilling Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia Bioelectronic Medicine Axial length Choroidal thickness Contrast sensitivity Dopamine Electroretinogram Ganglion cells |
| title | Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| title_full | Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| title_fullStr | Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| title_short | Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| title_sort | blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia |
| topic | Axial length Choroidal thickness Contrast sensitivity Dopamine Electroretinogram Ganglion cells |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0 |
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