The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats
Abstract Background Castration of adult male rats led to the development of osteoporosis. Oxidative stress and inflammatory factors have been identified as potential causative factors. Notably, oxymatrine (OMT) possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aims to elucida...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05344-0 |
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| author | Anwaar M. Shaban Eman A. Ali Sara G. Tayel Sara Kamal Rizk Dalia F. El Agamy |
| author_facet | Anwaar M. Shaban Eman A. Ali Sara G. Tayel Sara Kamal Rizk Dalia F. El Agamy |
| author_sort | Anwaar M. Shaban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Castration of adult male rats led to the development of osteoporosis. Oxidative stress and inflammatory factors have been identified as potential causative factors. Notably, oxymatrine (OMT) possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aims to elucidate the antiosteoporotic effects of OMT compared to testosterone in an orchiectomized (ORX) rat model of osteoporosis. Methods A total of 60 Wistar male rats were divided into the following groups: control (CTRL), surgery + no orchiectomy (SHAM), ORX, ORX + testosterone, and ORX + OMT. Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P), as well as serum testosterone, parathormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX I), tartrate resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP), and total Ca and P levels were evaluated. Bone was assessed for malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/ osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratio. Bone dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan and histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Results Testosterone or OMT treatment ameliorated the reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the DEXA scan and the changes in PTH and Ca levels. Compared to the ORX group, bone formation, and turnover markers were also significantly reversed in the treatment groups. Treatment with testosterone or OMT significantly reduced bone MDA, IL-6, Keap1, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG ratio, and significantly elevated bone GSH, Nrf2, and HO-1. Moreover, testosterone or OMT treatment has restored cortical bone thickness and osteocyte number and reduced bone levels of TNF-α in ORX rats. Consequently, treatment with either testosterone or OMT exhibited nearly equal therapeutic efficacy; however, neither of them could normalize the measured parameters. Conclusion OMT treatment showed equal efficacy compared to testosterone in ameliorating osteoporosis in ORX rats, possibly by improving some inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9963703d6beb45b49336bdac4e7c8f56 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9963703d6beb45b49336bdac4e7c8f562025-01-12T12:32:38ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2025-01-0120111810.1186/s13018-024-05344-0The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized ratsAnwaar M. Shaban0Eman A. Ali1Sara G. Tayel2Sara Kamal Rizk3Dalia F. El Agamy4Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityClinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityAnatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityMedical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityMedical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia UniversityAbstract Background Castration of adult male rats led to the development of osteoporosis. Oxidative stress and inflammatory factors have been identified as potential causative factors. Notably, oxymatrine (OMT) possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aims to elucidate the antiosteoporotic effects of OMT compared to testosterone in an orchiectomized (ORX) rat model of osteoporosis. Methods A total of 60 Wistar male rats were divided into the following groups: control (CTRL), surgery + no orchiectomy (SHAM), ORX, ORX + testosterone, and ORX + OMT. Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P), as well as serum testosterone, parathormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX I), tartrate resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP), and total Ca and P levels were evaluated. Bone was assessed for malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/ osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratio. Bone dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan and histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Results Testosterone or OMT treatment ameliorated the reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the DEXA scan and the changes in PTH and Ca levels. Compared to the ORX group, bone formation, and turnover markers were also significantly reversed in the treatment groups. Treatment with testosterone or OMT significantly reduced bone MDA, IL-6, Keap1, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG ratio, and significantly elevated bone GSH, Nrf2, and HO-1. Moreover, testosterone or OMT treatment has restored cortical bone thickness and osteocyte number and reduced bone levels of TNF-α in ORX rats. Consequently, treatment with either testosterone or OMT exhibited nearly equal therapeutic efficacy; however, neither of them could normalize the measured parameters. Conclusion OMT treatment showed equal efficacy compared to testosterone in ameliorating osteoporosis in ORX rats, possibly by improving some inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05344-0OrchiectomyOsteoporosisOxymatrineTestosterone |
| spellingShingle | Anwaar M. Shaban Eman A. Ali Sara G. Tayel Sara Kamal Rizk Dalia F. El Agamy The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Orchiectomy Osteoporosis Oxymatrine Testosterone |
| title | The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| title_full | The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| title_fullStr | The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| title_short | The antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| title_sort | antiosteoporotic effect of oxymatrine compared to testosterone in orchiectomized rats |
| topic | Orchiectomy Osteoporosis Oxymatrine Testosterone |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05344-0 |
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