Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease
Esca, one of the most destructive grapevine trunk diseases, is still poorly understood. As grapevine cultivars vary widely in their susceptibility to esca, we designed a four-year experiment to identify the environmental factors that influence the expression of the disease in a susceptible cultivar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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International Viticulture and Enology Society
2025-01-01
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| Series: | OENO One |
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| Online Access: | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/7659 |
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| author | Valérie Hofstetter Vinciane Monod Matthieu Wilhelm Olivier Viret Katia Gindro Daniel Croll Vivian Zufferey |
| author_facet | Valérie Hofstetter Vinciane Monod Matthieu Wilhelm Olivier Viret Katia Gindro Daniel Croll Vivian Zufferey |
| author_sort | Valérie Hofstetter |
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Esca, one of the most destructive grapevine trunk diseases, is still poorly understood. As grapevine cultivars vary widely in their susceptibility to esca, we designed a four-year experiment to identify the environmental factors that influence the expression of the disease in a susceptible cultivar. We collected epidemiological and physiological data once a year for four consecutive years in 19 vineyard plots located in four wine-growing regions of Western Switzerland. We compared these data with climatic data obtained from weather stations for these same plots for four years and over the long term. We also estimated the soil water holding capacity of each plot. Confounding factors were minimal because all vineyards were planted in 2003 with the same cultivar and all plants grafted in the same nursery with genetically homogeneous grafting material. Principal component and regression analyses of combined epidemiological, biotic and pedoclimatic data identified a positive correlation between soil water retention capacity and plant mortality due to esca. These analyses also showed that leaf disease symptoms and apoplexy are more frequent when cold and wet periods are followed–or alternate with–hot and dry periods, and that apoplexy occurs more frequently when weather conditions change abruptly (a cold and wet May followed by a hot June) and deviate significantly from long-term climatic conditions. Regression analyses show that the soil water holding capacity impacts less the disease expression when the climate is warm and dry, both at the regional and year-specific levels. Having identified the most important environmental factors towards the expression of esca, this study allows recommendations to be given to the winegrowers for the cultivar studied but can also be used as a model to identify the environmental factors that influence the expression of fungal diseases in other grapevine cultivars and other grapevine trunk diseases.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-98b47c5bc4234b0ba97d2ee47c0e9f04 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2494-1271 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | International Viticulture and Enology Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | OENO One |
| spelling | doaj-art-98b47c5bc4234b0ba97d2ee47c0e9f042025-01-09T11:09:49ZengInternational Viticulture and Enology SocietyOENO One2494-12712025-01-0159110.20870/oeno-one.2025.59.1.7659Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca diseaseValérie Hofstetterhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-4528Vinciane Monod0Matthieu Wilhelm1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-145XOlivier Viret2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-1587Katia Gindro3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-1853Daniel Croll4Vivian Zufferey5Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland/Agroscope, Plant Protection, Mycology, 1260 Nyon, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Plant Protection, Mycology, 1260 Nyon, SwitzerlandGeneral Direction of Agriculture, Viticulture and Veterinary Affairs (DGAV), Departement of Finances and Agriculture (DDFA), CH-1110 Morges, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Plant Protection, Mycology, 1260 Nyon, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland/Agroscope, Plant Protection, Mycology, 1260 Nyon, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Viticulture, Avenue de Rochettaz 21, 1009 Pully, Switzerland Esca, one of the most destructive grapevine trunk diseases, is still poorly understood. As grapevine cultivars vary widely in their susceptibility to esca, we designed a four-year experiment to identify the environmental factors that influence the expression of the disease in a susceptible cultivar. We collected epidemiological and physiological data once a year for four consecutive years in 19 vineyard plots located in four wine-growing regions of Western Switzerland. We compared these data with climatic data obtained from weather stations for these same plots for four years and over the long term. We also estimated the soil water holding capacity of each plot. Confounding factors were minimal because all vineyards were planted in 2003 with the same cultivar and all plants grafted in the same nursery with genetically homogeneous grafting material. Principal component and regression analyses of combined epidemiological, biotic and pedoclimatic data identified a positive correlation between soil water retention capacity and plant mortality due to esca. These analyses also showed that leaf disease symptoms and apoplexy are more frequent when cold and wet periods are followed–or alternate with–hot and dry periods, and that apoplexy occurs more frequently when weather conditions change abruptly (a cold and wet May followed by a hot June) and deviate significantly from long-term climatic conditions. Regression analyses show that the soil water holding capacity impacts less the disease expression when the climate is warm and dry, both at the regional and year-specific levels. Having identified the most important environmental factors towards the expression of esca, this study allows recommendations to be given to the winegrowers for the cultivar studied but can also be used as a model to identify the environmental factors that influence the expression of fungal diseases in other grapevine cultivars and other grapevine trunk diseases. https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/7659grapevine trunk diseaseGamaret grapevine cultivarsoil water holding capacitynitrogen accessibilityrootstock 3309C |
| spellingShingle | Valérie Hofstetter Vinciane Monod Matthieu Wilhelm Olivier Viret Katia Gindro Daniel Croll Vivian Zufferey Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease OENO One grapevine trunk disease Gamaret grapevine cultivar soil water holding capacity nitrogen accessibility rootstock 3309C |
| title | Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| title_full | Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| title_fullStr | Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| title_short | Identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| title_sort | identifying the pedoclimatic conditions most critical in the susceptibility of a grapevine cultivar to esca disease |
| topic | grapevine trunk disease Gamaret grapevine cultivar soil water holding capacity nitrogen accessibility rootstock 3309C |
| url | https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/7659 |
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