Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events
Abstract Ground‐based technological systems, such as power grids, can be affected by geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) during geomagnetic storms and magnetospheric substorms. This motivates the necessity to numerically simulate and, ultimately, forecast GIC. The prerequisite for the GIC modelin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002657 |
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| author | Elena Marshalko Mikhail Kruglyakov Alexey Kuvshinov Liisa Juusola Norah Kaggwa Kwagala Elena Sokolova Vyacheslav Pilipenko |
| author_facet | Elena Marshalko Mikhail Kruglyakov Alexey Kuvshinov Liisa Juusola Norah Kaggwa Kwagala Elena Sokolova Vyacheslav Pilipenko |
| author_sort | Elena Marshalko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ground‐based technological systems, such as power grids, can be affected by geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) during geomagnetic storms and magnetospheric substorms. This motivates the necessity to numerically simulate and, ultimately, forecast GIC. The prerequisite for the GIC modeling in the region of interest is the simulation of the ground geoelectric field (GEF) in the same region. The modeling of the GEF in its turn requires spatiotemporal specification of the source which generates the GEF, as well as an adequate regional model of the Earth’s electrical conductivity. In this paper, we compare results of the GEF (and ground magnetic field) simulations using three different source models. Two models represent the source as a laterally varying sheet current flowing above the Earth. The first model is constructed using the results of a physics‐based 3‐D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of near‐Earth space, the second one uses ground‐based magnetometers’ data and the Spherical Elementary Current Systems (SECS) method. The third model is based on a “plane wave” approximation which assumes that the source is locally laterally uniform. Fennoscandia is chosen as a study region and the simulations are performed for the September 7–8, 2017 geomagnetic storm. We conclude that ground magnetic field perturbations are reproduced more accurately using the source constructed via the SECS method compared to the source obtained on the basis of MHD simulation outputs. We also show that the difference between the GEF modeled using laterally nonuniform source and plane wave approximation is substantial in Fennoscandia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9845a7f8adeb481990171f74c5da91ae |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-9845a7f8adeb481990171f74c5da91ae2025-01-14T16:30:32ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902021-02-01192n/an/a10.1029/2020SW002657Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather EventsElena Marshalko0Mikhail Kruglyakov1Alexey Kuvshinov2Liisa Juusola3Norah Kaggwa Kwagala4Elena Sokolova5Vyacheslav Pilipenko6Institute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Zürich SwitzerlandInstitute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Zürich SwitzerlandInstitute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Zürich SwitzerlandFinnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki FinlandSpace Plasma Physics Group, Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen NorwayInstitute of Physics of the Earth Moscow RussiaInstitute of Physics of the Earth Moscow RussiaAbstract Ground‐based technological systems, such as power grids, can be affected by geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) during geomagnetic storms and magnetospheric substorms. This motivates the necessity to numerically simulate and, ultimately, forecast GIC. The prerequisite for the GIC modeling in the region of interest is the simulation of the ground geoelectric field (GEF) in the same region. The modeling of the GEF in its turn requires spatiotemporal specification of the source which generates the GEF, as well as an adequate regional model of the Earth’s electrical conductivity. In this paper, we compare results of the GEF (and ground magnetic field) simulations using three different source models. Two models represent the source as a laterally varying sheet current flowing above the Earth. The first model is constructed using the results of a physics‐based 3‐D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of near‐Earth space, the second one uses ground‐based magnetometers’ data and the Spherical Elementary Current Systems (SECS) method. The third model is based on a “plane wave” approximation which assumes that the source is locally laterally uniform. Fennoscandia is chosen as a study region and the simulations are performed for the September 7–8, 2017 geomagnetic storm. We conclude that ground magnetic field perturbations are reproduced more accurately using the source constructed via the SECS method compared to the source obtained on the basis of MHD simulation outputs. We also show that the difference between the GEF modeled using laterally nonuniform source and plane wave approximation is substantial in Fennoscandia.https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW0026573‐D conductivity modelsEM modelingMHD modeling |
| spellingShingle | Elena Marshalko Mikhail Kruglyakov Alexey Kuvshinov Liisa Juusola Norah Kaggwa Kwagala Elena Sokolova Vyacheslav Pilipenko Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events Space Weather 3‐D conductivity models EM modeling MHD modeling |
| title | Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events |
| title_full | Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events |
| title_fullStr | Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events |
| title_short | Comparing Three Approaches to the Inducing Source Setting for the Ground Electromagnetic Field Modeling due to Space Weather Events |
| title_sort | comparing three approaches to the inducing source setting for the ground electromagnetic field modeling due to space weather events |
| topic | 3‐D conductivity models EM modeling MHD modeling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002657 |
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