Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization

Investigating new antimicrobial agents from various biological sources is necessary due to the rise of bacteria that are resistant to drugs. A neglected source of bioactive substances with possible antibacterial qualities is fish, especially Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). This study identifie...

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Main Authors: Merin George, Sharath Krishnan, Anshika Madan, Syed Sana Ansar, John Merston, Gomathy Meganathan, Manikantan Pappuswamy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
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Online Access:https://microbiologyjournal.org/antibacterial-efficacy-of-oreochromis-niloticus-mucus-and-its-characterization/
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author Merin George
Sharath Krishnan
Anshika Madan
Syed Sana Ansar
John Merston
Gomathy Meganathan
Manikantan Pappuswamy
author_facet Merin George
Sharath Krishnan
Anshika Madan
Syed Sana Ansar
John Merston
Gomathy Meganathan
Manikantan Pappuswamy
author_sort Merin George
collection DOAJ
description Investigating new antimicrobial agents from various biological sources is necessary due to the rise of bacteria that are resistant to drugs. A neglected source of bioactive substances with possible antibacterial qualities is fish, especially Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). This study identifies the bioactive components of extracts made from O. niloticus and examines their antibacterial activity. PBS and sterile water were used to remove fish mucus using a solvent. Using the agar well diffusion method, extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, B. cereus), Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa), and fungus (Candida albicans). The presence of hydroxyl and amide functional groups, which are suggestive of proteins and polyphenolic substances, was further validated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study demonstrates O. niloticus’s antibacterial potential, with its mucus being an exceptionally abundant source of bioactive substances. These results highlight the potential of fish-derived antimicrobial compounds as substitutes for traditional antibiotics. The isolation, structural clarification, and possible therapeutic uses of these chemicals should be the main areas of future study. Furthermore, to guarantee the efficacy and safety of these natural compounds, knowledge of their toxicity profiles and mechanisms of action is crucial. In the fight against antibiotic resistance, this study helps to establish sustainable bioresources and expands our knowledge of O. niloticus’s antibacterial potential.
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spelling doaj-art-97d5d2bc2d71488cbe6e8b29929fb6f92025-08-20T03:45:40ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2025-06-0119214481459https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.19.2.48Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its CharacterizationMerin Georgehttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-2631-6352Sharath Krishnanhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-5128-6157Anshika Madanhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-0838-2196Syed Sana Ansarhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3803-8724John Merstonhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-5384-8120Gomathy Meganathanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-6801Manikantan Pappuswamyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-3702Investigating new antimicrobial agents from various biological sources is necessary due to the rise of bacteria that are resistant to drugs. A neglected source of bioactive substances with possible antibacterial qualities is fish, especially Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). This study identifies the bioactive components of extracts made from O. niloticus and examines their antibacterial activity. PBS and sterile water were used to remove fish mucus using a solvent. Using the agar well diffusion method, extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, B. cereus), Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa), and fungus (Candida albicans). The presence of hydroxyl and amide functional groups, which are suggestive of proteins and polyphenolic substances, was further validated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study demonstrates O. niloticus’s antibacterial potential, with its mucus being an exceptionally abundant source of bioactive substances. These results highlight the potential of fish-derived antimicrobial compounds as substitutes for traditional antibiotics. The isolation, structural clarification, and possible therapeutic uses of these chemicals should be the main areas of future study. Furthermore, to guarantee the efficacy and safety of these natural compounds, knowledge of their toxicity profiles and mechanisms of action is crucial. In the fight against antibiotic resistance, this study helps to establish sustainable bioresources and expands our knowledge of O. niloticus’s antibacterial potential.https://microbiologyjournal.org/antibacterial-efficacy-of-oreochromis-niloticus-mucus-and-its-characterization/nile tilapiawell diffusion assayaqueous extractlyophilised mucusphysical barrier
spellingShingle Merin George
Sharath Krishnan
Anshika Madan
Syed Sana Ansar
John Merston
Gomathy Meganathan
Manikantan Pappuswamy
Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
nile tilapia
well diffusion assay
aqueous extract
lyophilised mucus
physical barrier
title Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
title_full Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
title_fullStr Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
title_full_unstemmed Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
title_short Antibacterial Efficacy of Oreochromis niloticus Mucus and its Characterization
title_sort antibacterial efficacy of oreochromis niloticus mucus and its characterization
topic nile tilapia
well diffusion assay
aqueous extract
lyophilised mucus
physical barrier
url https://microbiologyjournal.org/antibacterial-efficacy-of-oreochromis-niloticus-mucus-and-its-characterization/
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AT syedsanaansar antibacterialefficacyoforeochromisniloticusmucusanditscharacterization
AT johnmerston antibacterialefficacyoforeochromisniloticusmucusanditscharacterization
AT gomathymeganathan antibacterialefficacyoforeochromisniloticusmucusanditscharacterization
AT manikantanpappuswamy antibacterialefficacyoforeochromisniloticusmucusanditscharacterization