Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China

Abstract Background Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate status between ideal heath and illness, it is characterized by the perception of health complaints, general weakness, decreased immunity and low energy. An increasing number of Chinese middle school students are suffering from psy...

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Main Authors: Zhaohao Zhong, Shangmin Chen, Xiaowei Zhang, Hengwei Chen, Liping Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20658-8
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author Zhaohao Zhong
Shangmin Chen
Xiaowei Zhang
Hengwei Chen
Liping Li
author_facet Zhaohao Zhong
Shangmin Chen
Xiaowei Zhang
Hengwei Chen
Liping Li
author_sort Zhaohao Zhong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate status between ideal heath and illness, it is characterized by the perception of health complaints, general weakness, decreased immunity and low energy. An increasing number of Chinese middle school students are suffering from psychological symptoms (PS), particularly anxiety and depression. The relationship between SHS and PS is unclear in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SHS and the correlation between SHS and PS among Chinese middle school students and to identify the SHS-related risk factors from the perspective of public health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with the cluster sampling method among 1955 middle school students in Shantou, China. SHS was assessed by Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25). And the PS of anxiety and depression were assessed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Beck Depression Inventory-II Scale (BDI-II) self-assessment questionnaires. Variate logistic analysis was applied to explore risk factors of SHS. The relationship between SHS and PS among Chinese middle school students was subsequently analyzed. Results Among the 1955 participants, 1904 middle school students were finally included in the analysis, the effective response rate was 97.39%. The prevalence of SHS was 10.3% (197/1904) while the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 30.7% (585/1904) and 34.1% (649/1904), respectively. A strong correlation was identified between SHS and PS among middle school students. With the aggravation of anxiety and depression, the probability of suffering from SHS increased (both P<0.01). The scores for various dimensions of SHS among the depression and anxiety groups were higher compared to those of the non-depression and non-anxiety groups (all P<0.01 ). Multivariate regression showed that compared with sleeping less than six hours, 6–8 h is a protective factor for SHS (OR = 0.486, 95%CI = 0.278–0.851). Conclusions Attention should be given to SHS and PS in Chinese middle school students, as they are strongly associated. Lack of sleep is a risk factor for SHS, so sufficient sleep should be recommended to prevent it. Identifying additional risk factors and promoting adequate sleep will improve adolescent health.
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spelling doaj-art-97c18fa2c58f4100b156aa049bd8b0f02024-11-17T12:51:55ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582024-11-0124111010.1186/s12889-024-20658-8Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in ChinaZhaohao Zhong0Shangmin Chen1Xiaowei Zhang2Hengwei Chen3Liping Li4School of Public Health, Shantou UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shantou UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shantou UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shantou UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shantou UniversityAbstract Background Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate status between ideal heath and illness, it is characterized by the perception of health complaints, general weakness, decreased immunity and low energy. An increasing number of Chinese middle school students are suffering from psychological symptoms (PS), particularly anxiety and depression. The relationship between SHS and PS is unclear in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SHS and the correlation between SHS and PS among Chinese middle school students and to identify the SHS-related risk factors from the perspective of public health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with the cluster sampling method among 1955 middle school students in Shantou, China. SHS was assessed by Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25). And the PS of anxiety and depression were assessed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Beck Depression Inventory-II Scale (BDI-II) self-assessment questionnaires. Variate logistic analysis was applied to explore risk factors of SHS. The relationship between SHS and PS among Chinese middle school students was subsequently analyzed. Results Among the 1955 participants, 1904 middle school students were finally included in the analysis, the effective response rate was 97.39%. The prevalence of SHS was 10.3% (197/1904) while the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 30.7% (585/1904) and 34.1% (649/1904), respectively. A strong correlation was identified between SHS and PS among middle school students. With the aggravation of anxiety and depression, the probability of suffering from SHS increased (both P<0.01). The scores for various dimensions of SHS among the depression and anxiety groups were higher compared to those of the non-depression and non-anxiety groups (all P<0.01 ). Multivariate regression showed that compared with sleeping less than six hours, 6–8 h is a protective factor for SHS (OR = 0.486, 95%CI = 0.278–0.851). Conclusions Attention should be given to SHS and PS in Chinese middle school students, as they are strongly associated. Lack of sleep is a risk factor for SHS, so sufficient sleep should be recommended to prevent it. Identifying additional risk factors and promoting adequate sleep will improve adolescent health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20658-8Suboptimal heath statusPsychological symptomsSleep timeMiddle school students
spellingShingle Zhaohao Zhong
Shangmin Chen
Xiaowei Zhang
Hengwei Chen
Liping Li
Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
BMC Public Health
Suboptimal heath status
Psychological symptoms
Sleep time
Middle school students
title Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
title_full Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
title_fullStr Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
title_full_unstemmed Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
title_short Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: a cross-sectional survey in China
title_sort suboptimal health among chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration a cross sectional survey in china
topic Suboptimal heath status
Psychological symptoms
Sleep time
Middle school students
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20658-8
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