Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives

The shared pathobiological mechanisms driving progressive fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) remain unclear. Neutrophils, the most common immune cells in the human body, contain an extensive array of proteinases that are important for cell function, including tissue repair and remodelling...

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Main Authors: Louise Elizabeth Crowley, Robert Andrew Stockley, David Richard Thickett, Davinder Dosanjh, Aaron Scott, Dhruv Parekh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: European Respiratory Society 2024-11-01
Series:European Respiratory Review
Online Access:http://err.ersjournals.com/content/33/174/240139.full
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author Louise Elizabeth Crowley
Robert Andrew Stockley
David Richard Thickett
Davinder Dosanjh
Aaron Scott
Dhruv Parekh
author_facet Louise Elizabeth Crowley
Robert Andrew Stockley
David Richard Thickett
Davinder Dosanjh
Aaron Scott
Dhruv Parekh
author_sort Louise Elizabeth Crowley
collection DOAJ
description The shared pathobiological mechanisms driving progressive fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) remain unclear. Neutrophils, the most common immune cells in the human body, contain an extensive array of proteinases that are important for cell function, including tissue repair and remodelling. Increasing observational studies have reported elevated neutrophil counts in the respiratory tract and circulation of patients with ILD and suggest a role as a biomarker of disease severity. Neutrophils and their contents (including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)) are present in fibrotic lung tissue. Proteinases and NETs may drive fibrogenesis in animal and in vitro models and may impact transforming growth factor-β1 activation. However, the effect of neutrophil action, whether reparative or pathologically destructive to the delicate lung architecture, has yet to be determined. This review aims to summarise the current literature surrounding the potential role of the neutrophil as a biomarker and contributor to the pathogenesis of ILD. There is currently a paucity of treatment options in ILD driven by the knowledge gap underlying the overall disease mechanisms. This review concludes that neutrophils warrant further evaluation as manipulation of recruitment and function could provide a novel and much needed therapeutic strategy.
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institution Kabale University
issn 0905-9180
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spelling doaj-art-97b812fe32bf4695b4ac39137fde76d22025-01-02T11:42:02ZengEuropean Respiratory SocietyEuropean Respiratory Review0905-91801600-06172024-11-013317410.1183/16000617.0139-20240139-2024Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectivesLouise Elizabeth Crowley0Robert Andrew Stockley1David Richard Thickett2Davinder Dosanjh3Aaron Scott4Dhruv Parekh5 Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK The shared pathobiological mechanisms driving progressive fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) remain unclear. Neutrophils, the most common immune cells in the human body, contain an extensive array of proteinases that are important for cell function, including tissue repair and remodelling. Increasing observational studies have reported elevated neutrophil counts in the respiratory tract and circulation of patients with ILD and suggest a role as a biomarker of disease severity. Neutrophils and their contents (including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)) are present in fibrotic lung tissue. Proteinases and NETs may drive fibrogenesis in animal and in vitro models and may impact transforming growth factor-β1 activation. However, the effect of neutrophil action, whether reparative or pathologically destructive to the delicate lung architecture, has yet to be determined. This review aims to summarise the current literature surrounding the potential role of the neutrophil as a biomarker and contributor to the pathogenesis of ILD. There is currently a paucity of treatment options in ILD driven by the knowledge gap underlying the overall disease mechanisms. This review concludes that neutrophils warrant further evaluation as manipulation of recruitment and function could provide a novel and much needed therapeutic strategy.http://err.ersjournals.com/content/33/174/240139.full
spellingShingle Louise Elizabeth Crowley
Robert Andrew Stockley
David Richard Thickett
Davinder Dosanjh
Aaron Scott
Dhruv Parekh
Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
European Respiratory Review
title Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
title_full Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
title_fullStr Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
title_short Neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
title_sort neutrophil dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives
url http://err.ersjournals.com/content/33/174/240139.full
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AT davinderdosanjh neutrophildynamicsinpulmonaryfibrosispathophysiologicalandtherapeuticperspectives
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