Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering
Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V/TiB metal matrix composites with 3 wt.% of TiB<sub>2</sub> were obtained using vacuum arc melting and spark plasma sintering methods and compared with an unreinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy. The microstructures of the unreinforced Ti6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy in the as...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Maxim Ozerov Ilya Astakhov Vitaly Sokolovsky Denis Klimenko Nikita Stepanov Nikita Yurchenko Shiyan Zhao Lujun Huang Sergey Zherebtsov |
| author_facet | Maxim Ozerov Ilya Astakhov Vitaly Sokolovsky Denis Klimenko Nikita Stepanov Nikita Yurchenko Shiyan Zhao Lujun Huang Sergey Zherebtsov |
| author_sort | Maxim Ozerov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V/TiB metal matrix composites with 3 wt.% of TiB<sub>2</sub> were obtained using vacuum arc melting and spark plasma sintering methods and compared with an unreinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy. The microstructures of the unreinforced Ti6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy in the as-cast and as-sintered conditions were quite typical and consisted of colonies of α-lamellae embedded in the β matrix. The microstructure of the as-cast Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V/TiB composite composed of TiB fibers randomly distributed within the two-phase α/β matrix, while the as-sintered composite had a network-like microstructure, in which areas of the two-phase α/β matrix were delineated by walls of TiB fibers. At room temperature, the yield strength of the as-cast and as-sintered Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy were 800 and 915 MPa, respectively, with a plasticity of 18% in both conditions. The addition of TiB fibers contributed to a ~40 and 50% strength increment, with values of 1100 and 1370 MPa for the as-cast and as-sintered composites, respectively. In the as-sintered composite, the strengthening effect reduced at 400 °C and almost disappeared at elevated temperatures of 800–950 °C. The as-cast composite showed much higher strength during warm and hot deformation—at 800–950 °C, the yield strength of the as-cast composite was 50% higher compared to the Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V unreinforced alloy. A higher rate and degree of globularization were established for the as-cast composite compared to the unreinforced alloy. For the as-sintered composite, a noticeably lower rate and degree of globularization was shown. During hot compression of the as-cast composite, TiB fibers reoriented towards the metal flow direction, while the network microstructure formed in the as-sintered composite transformed into clusters of borides unevenly distributed within the matrix. Based on the obtained results, the apparent activation energy of plastic deformation was calculated, and the operating deformation mechanisms were discussed both for the as-cast and as-sintered composites. The Arrhenius flow stress model and the dynamic material model were used to evaluate the deformation behavior of composites beyond the experimentally studied temperatures and strain rates. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9673e31b98ce449a8e37b5b185f0aec12024-12-27T14:39:46ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012024-11-011412133710.3390/met14121337Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma SinteringMaxim Ozerov0Ilya Astakhov1Vitaly Sokolovsky2Denis Klimenko3Nikita Stepanov4Nikita Yurchenko5Shiyan Zhao6Lujun Huang7Sergey Zherebtsov8Laboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaWorld-Class Research Center “Advanced Digital Technologies”, State Marine Technical University, 198095 Saint Petersburg, RussiaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaLaboratory of Bulk Nanostructured Materials, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, RussiaTi-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V/TiB metal matrix composites with 3 wt.% of TiB<sub>2</sub> were obtained using vacuum arc melting and spark plasma sintering methods and compared with an unreinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy. The microstructures of the unreinforced Ti6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy in the as-cast and as-sintered conditions were quite typical and consisted of colonies of α-lamellae embedded in the β matrix. The microstructure of the as-cast Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V/TiB composite composed of TiB fibers randomly distributed within the two-phase α/β matrix, while the as-sintered composite had a network-like microstructure, in which areas of the two-phase α/β matrix were delineated by walls of TiB fibers. At room temperature, the yield strength of the as-cast and as-sintered Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy were 800 and 915 MPa, respectively, with a plasticity of 18% in both conditions. The addition of TiB fibers contributed to a ~40 and 50% strength increment, with values of 1100 and 1370 MPa for the as-cast and as-sintered composites, respectively. In the as-sintered composite, the strengthening effect reduced at 400 °C and almost disappeared at elevated temperatures of 800–950 °C. The as-cast composite showed much higher strength during warm and hot deformation—at 800–950 °C, the yield strength of the as-cast composite was 50% higher compared to the Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V unreinforced alloy. A higher rate and degree of globularization were established for the as-cast composite compared to the unreinforced alloy. For the as-sintered composite, a noticeably lower rate and degree of globularization was shown. During hot compression of the as-cast composite, TiB fibers reoriented towards the metal flow direction, while the network microstructure formed in the as-sintered composite transformed into clusters of borides unevenly distributed within the matrix. Based on the obtained results, the apparent activation energy of plastic deformation was calculated, and the operating deformation mechanisms were discussed both for the as-cast and as-sintered composites. The Arrhenius flow stress model and the dynamic material model were used to evaluate the deformation behavior of composites beyond the experimentally studied temperatures and strain rates.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/12/1337metal matrix compositesmechanical propertiesmicrostructurescanning electron microscopySEMtransmission electron microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Maxim Ozerov Ilya Astakhov Vitaly Sokolovsky Denis Klimenko Nikita Stepanov Nikita Yurchenko Shiyan Zhao Lujun Huang Sergey Zherebtsov Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering Metals metal matrix composites mechanical properties microstructure scanning electron microscopy SEM transmission electron microscopy |
| title | Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_full | Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_fullStr | Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_short | Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of TiB-Reinforced Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V Matrix Composites Obtained by Vacuum Arc Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering |
| title_sort | microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of tib reinforced ti 6 5al 2zr 1mo 1v matrix composites obtained by vacuum arc melting and spark plasma sintering |
| topic | metal matrix composites mechanical properties microstructure scanning electron microscopy SEM transmission electron microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/12/1337 |
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