Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems
The integration of electrolyzers and fuel cells can cause voltage fluctuations within microgrids if not properly scheduled. Therefore, controlling voltage and reactive power becomes crucial to mitigate the impact of fluctuating voltage levels, ensuring system stability and preventing damage to equip...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6442 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846104864534298624 |
|---|---|
| author | Khalil Gholami Ali Azizivahed Ali Arefi Li Li Mohammad Taufiqul Arif Md Enamul Haque |
| author_facet | Khalil Gholami Ali Azizivahed Ali Arefi Li Li Mohammad Taufiqul Arif Md Enamul Haque |
| author_sort | Khalil Gholami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The integration of electrolyzers and fuel cells can cause voltage fluctuations within microgrids if not properly scheduled. Therefore, controlling voltage and reactive power becomes crucial to mitigate the impact of fluctuating voltage levels, ensuring system stability and preventing damage to equipment. This paper, therefore, seeks to enhance voltage and reactive power control within reconfigurable microgrids in the presence of innovative power-to-hydrogen technologies via electrolyzers and hydrogen-to-power through fuel cells. Specifically, it focuses on the simultaneous coordination of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a fuel cell alongside on-load tap changers, smart photovoltaic inverters, renewable energy sources, diesel generators, and electric vehicle aggregation within the microgrid system. Additionally, dynamic network reconfiguration is employed to enhance microgrid flexibility and improve the overall system adaptability. Given the inherent unpredictability linked to resources, the unscented transformation method is employed to account for these uncertainties in the proposed voltage and reactive power management. Finally, the model is formulated as a convex optimization problem and is solved through GUROBI version 11, which leads to having a time-efficient model with high accuracy. To assess the effectiveness of the model, it is eventually examined on a modified 33-bus microgrid in several cases. Through the results of the under-study microgrid, the developed model is a great remedy for the simultaneous operation of diverse resources in reconfigurable microgrids with a flatter voltage profile across the microgrid. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-944dc83a6ccc4f30a0d7aff2a93e6ce9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-944dc83a6ccc4f30a0d7aff2a93e6ce92024-12-27T14:23:51ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-12-011724644210.3390/en17246442Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen SystemsKhalil Gholami0Ali Azizivahed1Ali Arefi2Li Li3Mohammad Taufiqul Arif4Md Enamul Haque5Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, AustraliaSchool of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, AustraliaRenewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, AustraliaRenewable Energy and Electric Vehicle (REEV) Laboratory, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, AustraliaThe integration of electrolyzers and fuel cells can cause voltage fluctuations within microgrids if not properly scheduled. Therefore, controlling voltage and reactive power becomes crucial to mitigate the impact of fluctuating voltage levels, ensuring system stability and preventing damage to equipment. This paper, therefore, seeks to enhance voltage and reactive power control within reconfigurable microgrids in the presence of innovative power-to-hydrogen technologies via electrolyzers and hydrogen-to-power through fuel cells. Specifically, it focuses on the simultaneous coordination of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a fuel cell alongside on-load tap changers, smart photovoltaic inverters, renewable energy sources, diesel generators, and electric vehicle aggregation within the microgrid system. Additionally, dynamic network reconfiguration is employed to enhance microgrid flexibility and improve the overall system adaptability. Given the inherent unpredictability linked to resources, the unscented transformation method is employed to account for these uncertainties in the proposed voltage and reactive power management. Finally, the model is formulated as a convex optimization problem and is solved through GUROBI version 11, which leads to having a time-efficient model with high accuracy. To assess the effectiveness of the model, it is eventually examined on a modified 33-bus microgrid in several cases. Through the results of the under-study microgrid, the developed model is a great remedy for the simultaneous operation of diverse resources in reconfigurable microgrids with a flatter voltage profile across the microgrid.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6442Volt-VAr controlelectric vehiclesnetwork reconfigurationpower-to-hydrogenhydrogen-to-powerelectrolyzer |
| spellingShingle | Khalil Gholami Ali Azizivahed Ali Arefi Li Li Mohammad Taufiqul Arif Md Enamul Haque Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems Energies Volt-VAr control electric vehicles network reconfiguration power-to-hydrogen hydrogen-to-power electrolyzer |
| title | Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems |
| title_full | Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems |
| title_fullStr | Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems |
| title_short | Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems |
| title_sort | coordinated volt var control of reconfigurable microgrids with power to hydrogen systems |
| topic | Volt-VAr control electric vehicles network reconfiguration power-to-hydrogen hydrogen-to-power electrolyzer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6442 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT khalilgholami coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems AT aliazizivahed coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems AT aliarefi coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems AT lili coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems AT mohammadtaufiqularif coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems AT mdenamulhaque coordinatedvoltvarcontrolofreconfigurablemicrogridswithpowertohydrogensystems |