Interventions for smoking cessation: An overview of Cochrane reviews
Introduction Evidence of different smoking cessation interventions varies and has been assessed in many Cochrane reviews. We conducted an overview of these Cochrane reviews to summarize the effects of current interventions for smoking cessation. Methods Nine databases were searched from their incep...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Interventions-for-smoking-cessation-An-overview-of-Cochrane-reviews,195302,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
Evidence of different smoking cessation interventions varies and has been
assessed in many Cochrane reviews. We conducted an overview of these Cochrane
reviews to summarize the effects of current interventions for smoking cessation.
Methods
Nine databases were searched from their inception to October 2024, with
no restrictions on language. Two authors independently extracted data from the
same studies simultaneously, double checking after extraction. A second round
of examination was conducted on all the extracted contents by another author.
We employed a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR-2)
to evaluate the methodological rigor of the included systematic reviews (SRs),
synthesized the GRADE results as reported, and conducted a narrative synthesis.
The research protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023388884).
Results
Seventy-one Cochrane reviews involving 3022 trials were included in this
comprehensive analysis. The two predominant smoking cessation interventions
were pharmacotherapy (24 SRs) and non-pharmacological therapy (31SRs).
Overall, the methodological quality of all the reviews was good. Compared
with placebo, the point effect size for each Cochrane review on relative risk
(RR) regarding pharmacotherapies for prolonged abstinence rate ranged from
1.11 to 3.34, demonstrating high- or moderate-certainty evidence; whereas for
non-pharmacological therapies, it varied from 0.79 to 25.38, but substantial
heterogeneity was observed in most meta-analysis (I2>50%). Four studies
investigating pharmacotherapies as interventions, adverse events were reported
but no significant differences in outcomes were observed.
Conclusions
Pharmacotherapy demonstrated some efficacy in promoting prolonged
abstinence rate, while the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological
interventions for smoking cessation varied widely, highlighting the need for further
research on the integration of pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological therapies. |
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| ISSN: | 1617-9625 |