Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, which has the effects of nourishing heart and liver, tranquilizing heart and tranquilizing mind. With the development of research on the metabolites of ZSS, more than 160 metabolites have been i...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1504009/full |
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| author | Mei-Hua Liu Mei-Hua Liu Hong-Xin Jin Zhen Song Zhen Song Jing-Yi Wang Jing-Yi Wang De-Jiang Gao De-Jiang Gao |
| author_facet | Mei-Hua Liu Mei-Hua Liu Hong-Xin Jin Zhen Song Zhen Song Jing-Yi Wang Jing-Yi Wang De-Jiang Gao De-Jiang Gao |
| author_sort | Mei-Hua Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, which has the effects of nourishing heart and liver, tranquilizing heart and tranquilizing mind. With the development of research on the metabolites of ZSS, more than 160 metabolites have been isolated from ZSS, including saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, fatty acids, volatile oils, polysaccharides and proteins. The active metabolites of ZSS have regulatory effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, hematopoietic system, immune system and substance metabolism, and have various pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-aging and anti-cancer. Although many traditional uses of ZSS have been clarified, the relationship between its structure and function remains to be further studied. This article provides a review of the metabolites, pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of ZSS, and explores the future research prospects and existing problems of ZSS, so as to provide reference for further research and establishment of quality control standards of ZSS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91c3e01a5ebe467781e96b6da9173bf2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-91c3e01a5ebe467781e96b6da9173bf22024-11-29T14:13:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122024-11-011510.3389/fphar.2024.15040091504009Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a reviewMei-Hua Liu0Mei-Hua Liu1Hong-Xin Jin2Zhen Song3Zhen Song4Jing-Yi Wang5Jing-Yi Wang6De-Jiang Gao7De-Jiang Gao8Research Center of Emotional Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaShenyang Key Laboratory for Causes and Drug Discovery of Chronic Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaChina Medical University the 4th People’s Hospital of Shen Yang, Shenyang, ChinaResearch Center of Emotional Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaShenyang Key Laboratory for Causes and Drug Discovery of Chronic Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaResearch Center of Emotional Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaShenyang Key Laboratory for Causes and Drug Discovery of Chronic Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaResearch Center of Emotional Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaShenyang Key Laboratory for Causes and Drug Discovery of Chronic Diseases, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, ChinaZiziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, which has the effects of nourishing heart and liver, tranquilizing heart and tranquilizing mind. With the development of research on the metabolites of ZSS, more than 160 metabolites have been isolated from ZSS, including saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, fatty acids, volatile oils, polysaccharides and proteins. The active metabolites of ZSS have regulatory effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, hematopoietic system, immune system and substance metabolism, and have various pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-aging and anti-cancer. Although many traditional uses of ZSS have been clarified, the relationship between its structure and function remains to be further studied. This article provides a review of the metabolites, pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of ZSS, and explores the future research prospects and existing problems of ZSS, so as to provide reference for further research and establishment of quality control standards of ZSS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1504009/fullZiziphi Spinosae Semenmetabolitepharmacokineticcardiovascular systemtoxicology |
| spellingShingle | Mei-Hua Liu Mei-Hua Liu Hong-Xin Jin Zhen Song Zhen Song Jing-Yi Wang Jing-Yi Wang De-Jiang Gao De-Jiang Gao Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review Frontiers in Pharmacology Ziziphi Spinosae Semen metabolite pharmacokinetic cardiovascular system toxicology |
| title | Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review |
| title_full | Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review |
| title_short | Phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: a review |
| title_sort | phytochemical pharmacological pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of ziziphi spinosae semen a review |
| topic | Ziziphi Spinosae Semen metabolite pharmacokinetic cardiovascular system toxicology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1504009/full |
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