Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition

Abstract The term “4D printing” refers to the development of stimulus‐responsive structures through 3D printing of active smart materials, typically shape memory polymers. A noteworthy aim of this research field is to obtain objects able to display complex shape‐shifting motions, such as sequential...

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Main Authors: Nicoletta Inverardi, Stefano Pandini, Fabio Bignotti, Giulia Scalet, Stefania Marconi, Ferdinando Auricchio
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2020-01-01
Series:Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201900370
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author Nicoletta Inverardi
Stefano Pandini
Fabio Bignotti
Giulia Scalet
Stefania Marconi
Ferdinando Auricchio
author_facet Nicoletta Inverardi
Stefano Pandini
Fabio Bignotti
Giulia Scalet
Stefania Marconi
Ferdinando Auricchio
author_sort Nicoletta Inverardi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The term “4D printing” refers to the development of stimulus‐responsive structures through 3D printing of active smart materials, typically shape memory polymers. A noteworthy aim of this research field is to obtain objects able to display complex shape‐shifting motions, such as sequential transformations over time. In this work, this peculiar response is studied on a commercial photopolymer, printed by stereolithography and featuring, on the basis of its inherent broad glass transition, the so‐called “temperature‐memory effect” (TME). The TME, that is, a response in which the shape memory effect occurs on a region controlled by the deformation temperature, is studied in shape memory cycles where the deformation temperature is systematically varied, so to provide a correlation between deformation and recovery temperatures. This also allows to properly select two temperatures at which deforming a specimen along a multistep history, so as to finally separate each recovery process on the temperature and time scales. This sequential recovery is studied in double folded bars, with arms deformed at different temperatures, and on a properly designed self‐locking clamp. The obtained results are promising for the realization of smart temperature‐responsive structures printed with one single polymer and capable of multiple shape transformations.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 1438-7492
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language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher Wiley-VCH
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series Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-8fe31a4b6e9b4a1c8a9855b34f7b072c2024-11-12T05:05:47ZengWiley-VCHMacromolecular Materials and Engineering1438-74921439-20542020-01-013051n/an/a10.1002/mame.201900370Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass TransitionNicoletta Inverardi0Stefano Pandini1Fabio Bignotti2Giulia Scalet3Stefania Marconi4Ferdinando Auricchio5Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia via Branze 38 25133 Brescia ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia via Branze 38 25133 Brescia ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia via Branze 38 25133 Brescia ItalyDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Pavia via Ferrata 3 27100 Pavia ItalyDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Pavia via Ferrata 3 27100 Pavia ItalyDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Pavia via Ferrata 3 27100 Pavia ItalyAbstract The term “4D printing” refers to the development of stimulus‐responsive structures through 3D printing of active smart materials, typically shape memory polymers. A noteworthy aim of this research field is to obtain objects able to display complex shape‐shifting motions, such as sequential transformations over time. In this work, this peculiar response is studied on a commercial photopolymer, printed by stereolithography and featuring, on the basis of its inherent broad glass transition, the so‐called “temperature‐memory effect” (TME). The TME, that is, a response in which the shape memory effect occurs on a region controlled by the deformation temperature, is studied in shape memory cycles where the deformation temperature is systematically varied, so to provide a correlation between deformation and recovery temperatures. This also allows to properly select two temperatures at which deforming a specimen along a multistep history, so as to finally separate each recovery process on the temperature and time scales. This sequential recovery is studied in double folded bars, with arms deformed at different temperatures, and on a properly designed self‐locking clamp. The obtained results are promising for the realization of smart temperature‐responsive structures printed with one single polymer and capable of multiple shape transformations.https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.2019003704D printingsequential motionshape memory polymerstemperature‐memory effects
spellingShingle Nicoletta Inverardi
Stefano Pandini
Fabio Bignotti
Giulia Scalet
Stefania Marconi
Ferdinando Auricchio
Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
4D printing
sequential motion
shape memory polymers
temperature‐memory effects
title Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
title_full Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
title_fullStr Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
title_full_unstemmed Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
title_short Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
title_sort sequential motion of 4d printed photopolymers with broad glass transition
topic 4D printing
sequential motion
shape memory polymers
temperature‐memory effects
url https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201900370
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AT giuliascalet sequentialmotionof4dprintedphotopolymerswithbroadglasstransition
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