Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a separate form of fever of central origin and is a neurological syndrome characterized by simultaneous paroxysmal occurrence of hypertension, hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased sweating and dystonic posture due to sympathetic activation in...
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Zaslavsky O.Yu.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Медицина неотложных состояний |
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| Online Access: | https://emergency.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1775 |
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| author | O.V. Kravets V.A. Sedinkin V.V. Yekhalov Yu.O. Ploshchenko O.O. Zozulya |
| author_facet | O.V. Kravets V.A. Sedinkin V.V. Yekhalov Yu.O. Ploshchenko O.O. Zozulya |
| author_sort | O.V. Kravets |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a separate form of fever of central origin and is a neurological syndrome characterized by simultaneous paroxysmal occurrence of hypertension, hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased sweating and dystonic posture due to sympathetic activation in brain damage. PSH is a syndrome that can manifest itself in a wide range of clinical symptoms. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperacti-vity is an example of a clinical correlate of central and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Almost all cases of PSH are associated with craniocerebral trauma, hypoxia, and acute cerebrovascular accident. There is a disengagement theory and a model of the excitation-inhibition relationship of the PSH pathogenesis. In 2014, an expert consensus group proposed a PSH-assessment measure (PSH-AM), which can not only serve as a reliable diagnostic criterion but also stratify the severity of PSH. Assuming clinical evaluation as the current gold standard, PSH-AM has a sensiti-
vity of 94 % when used retrospectively. In the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, PSH-AM can help avoid misdiagnosis, increase diagnostic efficiency, save time, and reduce economic costs. Hypodiagnosis of PSH can lead to an increase in mortality, disability, length of hospital stay and material costs, but timely diagnosis will allow optimizing treatment for PSH. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8f12f2f329b142bf9e5968c4a92b256a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2224-0586 2307-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Zaslavsky O.Yu. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Медицина неотложных состояний |
| spelling | doaj-art-8f12f2f329b142bf9e5968c4a92b256a2025-01-12T11:41:05ZengZaslavsky O.Yu.Медицина неотложных состояний2224-05862307-12302024-11-0120756857610.22141/2224-0586.20.7.2024.17751775Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1O.V. Kravets0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1340-3290V.A. Sedinkin1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8894-1598V.V. Yekhalov2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5373-3820Yu.O. Ploshchenko3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-0164O.O. Zozulya4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1024-5987Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, UkraineDnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, UkraineDnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, UkraineDnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, UkraineDnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, UkraineParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a separate form of fever of central origin and is a neurological syndrome characterized by simultaneous paroxysmal occurrence of hypertension, hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased sweating and dystonic posture due to sympathetic activation in brain damage. PSH is a syndrome that can manifest itself in a wide range of clinical symptoms. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperacti-vity is an example of a clinical correlate of central and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Almost all cases of PSH are associated with craniocerebral trauma, hypoxia, and acute cerebrovascular accident. There is a disengagement theory and a model of the excitation-inhibition relationship of the PSH pathogenesis. In 2014, an expert consensus group proposed a PSH-assessment measure (PSH-AM), which can not only serve as a reliable diagnostic criterion but also stratify the severity of PSH. Assuming clinical evaluation as the current gold standard, PSH-AM has a sensiti- vity of 94 % when used retrospectively. In the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, PSH-AM can help avoid misdiagnosis, increase diagnostic efficiency, save time, and reduce economic costs. Hypodiagnosis of PSH can lead to an increase in mortality, disability, length of hospital stay and material costs, but timely diagnosis will allow optimizing treatment for PSH.https://emergency.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1775examinationbrain damageparoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivitypathophysiologyclinical picturediagnosis |
| spellingShingle | O.V. Kravets V.A. Sedinkin V.V. Yekhalov Yu.O. Ploshchenko O.O. Zozulya Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 Медицина неотложных состояний examination brain damage paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity pathophysiology clinical picture diagnosis |
| title | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 |
| title_full | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 |
| title_fullStr | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 |
| title_short | Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1 |
| title_sort | paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage scientific review part 1 |
| topic | examination brain damage paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity pathophysiology clinical picture diagnosis |
| url | https://emergency.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1775 |
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