Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review

Machine learning algorithms have brought remarkable advancements in detecting motion artifacts (MAs) from the photoplethysmogram (PPG) with no measured or synthetic reference data. However, no study has provided a synthesis of these methods, let alone an in-depth discussion to aid in deciding which...

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Main Authors: Erick Javier Argüello-Prada, Javier Ferney Castillo García
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7193
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author Erick Javier Argüello-Prada
Javier Ferney Castillo García
author_facet Erick Javier Argüello-Prada
Javier Ferney Castillo García
author_sort Erick Javier Argüello-Prada
collection DOAJ
description Machine learning algorithms have brought remarkable advancements in detecting motion artifacts (MAs) from the photoplethysmogram (PPG) with no measured or synthetic reference data. However, no study has provided a synthesis of these methods, let alone an in-depth discussion to aid in deciding which one is more suitable for a specific purpose. This narrative review examines the application of machine learning techniques for the reference signal-less detection of MAs in PPG signals. We did not consider articles introducing signal filtering or decomposition algorithms without previous identification of corrupted segments. Studies on MA-detecting approaches utilizing multiple channels and additional sensors such as accelerometers were also excluded. Despite its promising results, the literature on this topic shows several limitations and inconsistencies, particularly those regarding the model development and testing process and the measures used by authors to support the method’s suitability for real-time applications. Moreover, there is a need for broader exploration and validation across different body parts and a standardized set of experiments specifically designed to test and validate MA detection approaches. It is essential to provide enough elements to enable researchers and developers to objectively assess the reliability and applicability of these methods and, therefore, obtain the most out of them.
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spelling doaj-art-8d1d1c1d3a5d44a6a8b26855e3a1ea5a2024-11-26T18:21:03ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-11-012422719310.3390/s24227193Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A ReviewErick Javier Argüello-Prada0Javier Ferney Castillo García1Programa de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Calle 5 # 62-00 Barrio Pampalinda, Santiago de Cali 760032, ColombiaPrograma de Mecatrónica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Calle 25 # 115-85 Vía Cali-Jamundí, Santiago de Cali 760030, ColombiaMachine learning algorithms have brought remarkable advancements in detecting motion artifacts (MAs) from the photoplethysmogram (PPG) with no measured or synthetic reference data. However, no study has provided a synthesis of these methods, let alone an in-depth discussion to aid in deciding which one is more suitable for a specific purpose. This narrative review examines the application of machine learning techniques for the reference signal-less detection of MAs in PPG signals. We did not consider articles introducing signal filtering or decomposition algorithms without previous identification of corrupted segments. Studies on MA-detecting approaches utilizing multiple channels and additional sensors such as accelerometers were also excluded. Despite its promising results, the literature on this topic shows several limitations and inconsistencies, particularly those regarding the model development and testing process and the measures used by authors to support the method’s suitability for real-time applications. Moreover, there is a need for broader exploration and validation across different body parts and a standardized set of experiments specifically designed to test and validate MA detection approaches. It is essential to provide enough elements to enable researchers and developers to objectively assess the reliability and applicability of these methods and, therefore, obtain the most out of them.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7193motion artifactsphotoplethysmogrammachine learningreference signal-less methodsreal-time applicationscomputational complexity
spellingShingle Erick Javier Argüello-Prada
Javier Ferney Castillo García
Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
Sensors
motion artifacts
photoplethysmogram
machine learning
reference signal-less methods
real-time applications
computational complexity
title Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
title_full Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
title_fullStr Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
title_short Machine Learning Applied to Reference Signal-Less Detection of Motion Artifacts in Photoplethysmographic Signals: A Review
title_sort machine learning applied to reference signal less detection of motion artifacts in photoplethysmographic signals a review
topic motion artifacts
photoplethysmogram
machine learning
reference signal-less methods
real-time applications
computational complexity
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7193
work_keys_str_mv AT erickjavierarguelloprada machinelearningappliedtoreferencesignallessdetectionofmotionartifactsinphotoplethysmographicsignalsareview
AT javierferneycastillogarcia machinelearningappliedtoreferencesignallessdetectionofmotionartifactsinphotoplethysmographicsignalsareview