Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing
Abstract Non‐linear Error Compensation Technique with Associative Restoration (NECTAR) is a novel approach to the assimilation of fragmentary sensor data to produce a global nowcast of the near‐Earth space weather. NECTAR restores missing information by iteratively transforming (“morphing”) an under...
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Wiley
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002463 |
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| author | I. A. Galkin B. W. Reinisch A. M. Vesnin D. Bilitza S. Fridman J. B. Habarulema O. Veliz |
| author_facet | I. A. Galkin B. W. Reinisch A. M. Vesnin D. Bilitza S. Fridman J. B. Habarulema O. Veliz |
| author_sort | I. A. Galkin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Non‐linear Error Compensation Technique with Associative Restoration (NECTAR) is a novel approach to the assimilation of fragmentary sensor data to produce a global nowcast of the near‐Earth space weather. NECTAR restores missing information by iteratively transforming (“morphing”) an underlying global climatology model into agreement with currently available sensor data. The morphing procedure benefits from analysis of the inherent multiscale diurnal periodicity of the geosystems by processing 24‐hr time histories of the differences between measured and climate‐expected values at each sensor site. The 24‐hr deviation time series are used to compute and then globally interpolate the diurnal deviation harmonics. NECTAR therefore views the geosystem in terms of its periodic planetary‐scale basis to associate observed fragments of the activity with the grand‐scale weather processes of the matching variability scales. Such approach strengthens the restorative capability of the assimilation, specifically when only a limited number of observatories is available for the weather nowcast. Scenarios where the NECTAR concept works best are common in planetary‐scale near‐Earth weather applications, especially where sensor instrumentation is complex, expensive, and therefore scarce. To conduct the assimilation process, NECTAR employs a Hopfield feedback recurrent neural network commonly used in the associative memory architectures. Associative memories mimic human capability to restore full information from its initial fragments. When applied to the sparse spatial data, such a neural network becomes a nonlinear multiscale interpolator of missing information. Early tests of the NECTAR morphing reveal its enhanced capability to predict system dynamics over no‐data regions (spatial interpolation). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8cbf7ed4a2b04f4e9cd0a36b75142202 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-8cbf7ed4a2b04f4e9cd0a36b751422022025-01-14T16:30:47ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902020-11-011811n/an/a10.1029/2020SW002463Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model MorphingI. A. Galkin0B. W. Reinisch1A. M. Vesnin2D. Bilitza3S. Fridman4J. B. Habarulema5O. Veliz6Space Science Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USASpace Science Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USASpace Science Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy George Mason University Fairfax VA USANorth‐West Research Associates Monterey CA USASouth African National Space Agency Hermanus South AfricaInstituto Geofisico del Peru Jicamarca Radio Observatory Lima PeruAbstract Non‐linear Error Compensation Technique with Associative Restoration (NECTAR) is a novel approach to the assimilation of fragmentary sensor data to produce a global nowcast of the near‐Earth space weather. NECTAR restores missing information by iteratively transforming (“morphing”) an underlying global climatology model into agreement with currently available sensor data. The morphing procedure benefits from analysis of the inherent multiscale diurnal periodicity of the geosystems by processing 24‐hr time histories of the differences between measured and climate‐expected values at each sensor site. The 24‐hr deviation time series are used to compute and then globally interpolate the diurnal deviation harmonics. NECTAR therefore views the geosystem in terms of its periodic planetary‐scale basis to associate observed fragments of the activity with the grand‐scale weather processes of the matching variability scales. Such approach strengthens the restorative capability of the assimilation, specifically when only a limited number of observatories is available for the weather nowcast. Scenarios where the NECTAR concept works best are common in planetary‐scale near‐Earth weather applications, especially where sensor instrumentation is complex, expensive, and therefore scarce. To conduct the assimilation process, NECTAR employs a Hopfield feedback recurrent neural network commonly used in the associative memory architectures. Associative memories mimic human capability to restore full information from its initial fragments. When applied to the sparse spatial data, such a neural network becomes a nonlinear multiscale interpolator of missing information. Early tests of the NECTAR morphing reveal its enhanced capability to predict system dynamics over no‐data regions (spatial interpolation).https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002463data assimilationdiurnal harmonic analysisHopfield networksmodel morphingspatial predictionweather nowcast |
| spellingShingle | I. A. Galkin B. W. Reinisch A. M. Vesnin D. Bilitza S. Fridman J. B. Habarulema O. Veliz Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing Space Weather data assimilation diurnal harmonic analysis Hopfield networks model morphing spatial prediction weather nowcast |
| title | Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing |
| title_full | Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing |
| title_fullStr | Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing |
| title_short | Assimilation of Sparse Continuous Near‐Earth Weather Measurements by NECTAR Model Morphing |
| title_sort | assimilation of sparse continuous near earth weather measurements by nectar model morphing |
| topic | data assimilation diurnal harmonic analysis Hopfield networks model morphing spatial prediction weather nowcast |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002463 |
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