Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
Optimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pit...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez Manuel Mateo-March Ainoa Roldan David Barranco-Gil Mikel Zabala Cristina Blasco-Lafarga |
| author_facet | Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez Manuel Mateo-March Ainoa Roldan David Barranco-Gil Mikel Zabala Cristina Blasco-Lafarga |
| author_sort | Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pitot-static tube. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Pitot-static tube calculations through wind speed (WS) data against a hot-wire anemometer (HWA). Sixty recordings were made, lasting 30 s each, in a closed-circuit wind tunnel at four different WS (≈30 to ≈60 km/h), and at five different yaw angles (0° to 20°). Initially, Notio showed WS 6.44% higher than HWA. The calibration process recommended by the Notio manufacturer reduced the differences to a non-significant 0.76%. Comparison of the WS of Notio calibrated and HWA only showed significant differences in the WS group of ≈60 km/h. There were no significant differences in the comparison of yaw angles groups. The reliability of Notio was worse than that of the HWA. In conclusion, Notio calibrated at a speed close to its use allows for reliable and accurate calculation of WS over a wide range of yaw angles under controlled wind tunnel conditions without the presence of a cyclist and bicycle. However, due to the influence of WS on aerodynamic drag, small errors in WS could translate into considerable values of C<sub>D</sub>A for cycling performance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b53b6eb90c24052b36b97e9da40cee9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2411-9660 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Designs |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b53b6eb90c24052b36b97e9da40cee92024-12-27T14:20:37ZengMDPI AGDesigns2411-96602024-12-018613110.3390/designs8060131Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire AnemometerManuel Ordiñana-Pérez0Manuel Mateo-March1Ainoa Roldan2David Barranco-Gil3Mikel Zabala4Cristina Blasco-Lafarga5Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Center, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, SpainPhysical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainFaculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, SpainFaculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainPhysical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainOptimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pitot-static tube. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Pitot-static tube calculations through wind speed (WS) data against a hot-wire anemometer (HWA). Sixty recordings were made, lasting 30 s each, in a closed-circuit wind tunnel at four different WS (≈30 to ≈60 km/h), and at five different yaw angles (0° to 20°). Initially, Notio showed WS 6.44% higher than HWA. The calibration process recommended by the Notio manufacturer reduced the differences to a non-significant 0.76%. Comparison of the WS of Notio calibrated and HWA only showed significant differences in the WS group of ≈60 km/h. There were no significant differences in the comparison of yaw angles groups. The reliability of Notio was worse than that of the HWA. In conclusion, Notio calibrated at a speed close to its use allows for reliable and accurate calculation of WS over a wide range of yaw angles under controlled wind tunnel conditions without the presence of a cyclist and bicycle. However, due to the influence of WS on aerodynamic drag, small errors in WS could translate into considerable values of C<sub>D</sub>A for cycling performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/8/6/131C<sub>D</sub>AcyclingPitot-static tubereliabilityvaliditywind tunnel |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez Manuel Mateo-March Ainoa Roldan David Barranco-Gil Mikel Zabala Cristina Blasco-Lafarga Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer Designs C<sub>D</sub>A cycling Pitot-static tube reliability validity wind tunnel |
| title | Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer |
| title_full | Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer |
| title_fullStr | Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer |
| title_short | Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer |
| title_sort | validity and reliability of wind speed calculated by notio in comparison with a hot wire anemometer |
| topic | C<sub>D</sub>A cycling Pitot-static tube reliability validity wind tunnel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/8/6/131 |
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