Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer

Optimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pit...

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Main Authors: Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez, Manuel Mateo-March, Ainoa Roldan, David Barranco-Gil, Mikel Zabala, Cristina Blasco-Lafarga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Designs
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/8/6/131
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author Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez
Manuel Mateo-March
Ainoa Roldan
David Barranco-Gil
Mikel Zabala
Cristina Blasco-Lafarga
author_facet Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez
Manuel Mateo-March
Ainoa Roldan
David Barranco-Gil
Mikel Zabala
Cristina Blasco-Lafarga
author_sort Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez
collection DOAJ
description Optimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pitot-static tube. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Pitot-static tube calculations through wind speed (WS) data against a hot-wire anemometer (HWA). Sixty recordings were made, lasting 30 s each, in a closed-circuit wind tunnel at four different WS (≈30 to ≈60 km/h), and at five different yaw angles (0° to 20°). Initially, Notio showed WS 6.44% higher than HWA. The calibration process recommended by the Notio manufacturer reduced the differences to a non-significant 0.76%. Comparison of the WS of Notio calibrated and HWA only showed significant differences in the WS group of ≈60 km/h. There were no significant differences in the comparison of yaw angles groups. The reliability of Notio was worse than that of the HWA. In conclusion, Notio calibrated at a speed close to its use allows for reliable and accurate calculation of WS over a wide range of yaw angles under controlled wind tunnel conditions without the presence of a cyclist and bicycle. However, due to the influence of WS on aerodynamic drag, small errors in WS could translate into considerable values of C<sub>D</sub>A for cycling performance.
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spelling doaj-art-8b53b6eb90c24052b36b97e9da40cee92024-12-27T14:20:37ZengMDPI AGDesigns2411-96602024-12-018613110.3390/designs8060131Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire AnemometerManuel Ordiñana-Pérez0Manuel Mateo-March1Ainoa Roldan2David Barranco-Gil3Mikel Zabala4Cristina Blasco-Lafarga5Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Center, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, SpainPhysical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainFaculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, SpainFaculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainPhysical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainOptimizing aerodynamic efficiency is crucial in competitive cycling, where aerodynamic resistance significantly limits performance. Devices like Notio have emerged to calculate the coefficient of drag area (C<sub>D</sub>A) considering dynamic pressure data calculated by an integrated Pitot-static tube. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of Pitot-static tube calculations through wind speed (WS) data against a hot-wire anemometer (HWA). Sixty recordings were made, lasting 30 s each, in a closed-circuit wind tunnel at four different WS (≈30 to ≈60 km/h), and at five different yaw angles (0° to 20°). Initially, Notio showed WS 6.44% higher than HWA. The calibration process recommended by the Notio manufacturer reduced the differences to a non-significant 0.76%. Comparison of the WS of Notio calibrated and HWA only showed significant differences in the WS group of ≈60 km/h. There were no significant differences in the comparison of yaw angles groups. The reliability of Notio was worse than that of the HWA. In conclusion, Notio calibrated at a speed close to its use allows for reliable and accurate calculation of WS over a wide range of yaw angles under controlled wind tunnel conditions without the presence of a cyclist and bicycle. However, due to the influence of WS on aerodynamic drag, small errors in WS could translate into considerable values of C<sub>D</sub>A for cycling performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/8/6/131C<sub>D</sub>AcyclingPitot-static tubereliabilityvaliditywind tunnel
spellingShingle Manuel Ordiñana-Pérez
Manuel Mateo-March
Ainoa Roldan
David Barranco-Gil
Mikel Zabala
Cristina Blasco-Lafarga
Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
Designs
C<sub>D</sub>A
cycling
Pitot-static tube
reliability
validity
wind tunnel
title Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
title_full Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
title_fullStr Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
title_full_unstemmed Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
title_short Validity and Reliability of Wind Speed Calculated by Notio in Comparison with a Hot-Wire Anemometer
title_sort validity and reliability of wind speed calculated by notio in comparison with a hot wire anemometer
topic C<sub>D</sub>A
cycling
Pitot-static tube
reliability
validity
wind tunnel
url https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/8/6/131
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