Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions
NO<sub>2</sub> primarily originates from natural and anthropogenic emissions. Given China’s vast territory and significant differences in topography and meteorological conditions, a detailed understanding of the impacts of weather and human emissions in different regions is essential. Th...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/1/121 |
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| author | Xuehui Bai Yi Wang Lu Gui Minghui Tao Mingyu Zeng |
| author_facet | Xuehui Bai Yi Wang Lu Gui Minghui Tao Mingyu Zeng |
| author_sort | Xuehui Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | NO<sub>2</sub> primarily originates from natural and anthropogenic emissions. Given China’s vast territory and significant differences in topography and meteorological conditions, a detailed understanding of the impacts of weather and human emissions in different regions is essential. This study employs Kolmogorov–Zurbenko (KZ) filtering and stepwise multiple linear regression to isolate the effects of meteorological conditions on tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> vertical column densities. Long term trends indicate an overall decline, with anthropogenic contribution rates exceeding 90% in Shanghai, Changchun, Urumqi, Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan, where interannual variations are primarily driven by human emissions. In Guangzhou, the anthropogenic contribution rate exceeds 100%, highlighting the significant impact of human factors in this region, although meteorological conditions somewhat mitigate their effect on NO<sub>2</sub>. In Chengdu, meteorological factors also play a role. Seasonal variations display a U-shaped trend, and there are significant differences in the impact of meteorological factors on seasonal variations among different regions. Meteorological contribution rates in Changchun and Chengdu are below 36.90% and anthropogenic contributions exceed 63.10%. This indicates that changes in NO<sub>2</sub> are less influenced by meteorological factors than by human activities, with human emissions dominating. In other regions, meteorological contributions are greater than those from human activities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b3adb9c1d954119ae736e2b459c2f36 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b3adb9c1d954119ae736e2b459c2f362025-01-10T13:20:18ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117112110.3390/rs17010121Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic ContributionsXuehui Bai0Yi Wang1Lu Gui2Minghui Tao3Mingyu Zeng4Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaNO<sub>2</sub> primarily originates from natural and anthropogenic emissions. Given China’s vast territory and significant differences in topography and meteorological conditions, a detailed understanding of the impacts of weather and human emissions in different regions is essential. This study employs Kolmogorov–Zurbenko (KZ) filtering and stepwise multiple linear regression to isolate the effects of meteorological conditions on tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> vertical column densities. Long term trends indicate an overall decline, with anthropogenic contribution rates exceeding 90% in Shanghai, Changchun, Urumqi, Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan, where interannual variations are primarily driven by human emissions. In Guangzhou, the anthropogenic contribution rate exceeds 100%, highlighting the significant impact of human factors in this region, although meteorological conditions somewhat mitigate their effect on NO<sub>2</sub>. In Chengdu, meteorological factors also play a role. Seasonal variations display a U-shaped trend, and there are significant differences in the impact of meteorological factors on seasonal variations among different regions. Meteorological contribution rates in Changchun and Chengdu are below 36.90% and anthropogenic contributions exceed 63.10%. This indicates that changes in NO<sub>2</sub> are less influenced by meteorological factors than by human activities, with human emissions dominating. In other regions, meteorological contributions are greater than those from human activities.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/1/121NO<sub>2</sub>KZ filterstepwise multiple linear regressionmeteorological factorsanthropogenic contributions |
| spellingShingle | Xuehui Bai Yi Wang Lu Gui Minghui Tao Mingyu Zeng Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions Remote Sensing NO<sub>2</sub> KZ filter stepwise multiple linear regression meteorological factors anthropogenic contributions |
| title | Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions |
| title_full | Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions |
| title_fullStr | Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions |
| title_short | Comparing the Influences on NO<sub>2</sub> Changes in Terms of Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations in Different Regions of China: Meteorological and Anthropogenic Contributions |
| title_sort | comparing the influences on no sub 2 sub changes in terms of inter annual and seasonal variations in different regions of china meteorological and anthropogenic contributions |
| topic | NO<sub>2</sub> KZ filter stepwise multiple linear regression meteorological factors anthropogenic contributions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/1/121 |
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