Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, particularly in the elderly, leading to reduced cervical muscle strength, impaired functional balance, and decreased postural stability. This study investigated the correlation between cervical muscle str...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05670-2 |
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| author | Shaker Hassan S. Alshehri Ravi Shankar Reddy Mohammad A. ALMohiza Mastour Saeed Alshahrani Batool Abdulelah Alkhamis Hani Hassan Alnakhli Ghada Mohammed Koura Ajay Prashad Gautam Debjani Mukherjee Raee S. Alqhtani Saeed Y. Al Adal Abdullah Mohammed Alyami Faisal M. Alyazedi |
| author_facet | Shaker Hassan S. Alshehri Ravi Shankar Reddy Mohammad A. ALMohiza Mastour Saeed Alshahrani Batool Abdulelah Alkhamis Hani Hassan Alnakhli Ghada Mohammed Koura Ajay Prashad Gautam Debjani Mukherjee Raee S. Alqhtani Saeed Y. Al Adal Abdullah Mohammed Alyami Faisal M. Alyazedi |
| author_sort | Shaker Hassan S. Alshehri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, particularly in the elderly, leading to reduced cervical muscle strength, impaired functional balance, and decreased postural stability. This study investigated the correlation between cervical muscle strength, functional balance, and limits of stability (LOS) in elderly individuals with CNSNP. Additionally, it assessed the moderating effect of pain severity on the relationship between cervical muscle strength and these balance outcomes. Methods A prospective study included a total of 186 participants, including 93 with CNSNP and 93 asymptomatic individuals, were recruited. Cervical flexor and extensor muscle strength were assessed using an ergoFET hand-held dynamometer. Functional balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, while LOS were evaluated using the Iso-Free machine. Results Individuals with CNSNP exhibited significantly lower cervical flexor strength (32.45 ± 5.67 N vs. 40.75 ± 5.20 N, p < 0.001) and extensor strength (28.30 ± 6.05 N vs. 36.90 ± 5.90 N, p < 0.001) compared to asymptomatic individuals. Functional balance was also poorer in the CNSNP group, with lower BBS scores (47.85 ± 4.20 vs. 53.65 ± 3.85, p < 0.001) and slower TUG times (11.30 ± 2.05 s vs. 8.45 ± 1.80 s, p < 0.001). Cervical muscle strength showed moderate to strong positive correlations with LOS (r = 0.56 to 0.62, p < 0.001) and BBS (r = 0.48 to 0.53, p < 0.001). Pain severity significantly moderated the relationship between cervical muscle strength and functional balance (β = 0.20, p = 0.045) as well as LOS (β = 0.22, p = 0.038), suggesting that higher pain levels diminish the positive effects of muscle strength on balance. Conclusion Cervical muscle strength plays a crucial role in maintaining functional balance and postural stability in elderly individuals with CNSNP. Pain severity moderates the relationship between cervical muscle strength and balance outcomes, emphasizing the importance of integrating muscle strengthening and pain management in rehabilitation programs for elderly individuals with CNSNP to optimize postural control and minimize fall risk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a4e8d6f757e4f5faaa1fe30088d4461 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a4e8d6f757e4f5faaa1fe30088d44612025-01-12T12:38:41ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182025-01-0125111210.1186/s12877-024-05670-2Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional studyShaker Hassan S. Alshehri0Ravi Shankar Reddy1Mohammad A. ALMohiza2Mastour Saeed Alshahrani3Batool Abdulelah Alkhamis4Hani Hassan Alnakhli5Ghada Mohammed Koura6Ajay Prashad Gautam7Debjani Mukherjee8Raee S. Alqhtani9Saeed Y. Al Adal10Abdullah Mohammed Alyami11Faisal M. Alyazedi12Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityDepartment of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityPhysical Therapy Program, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid UniversityDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran UniversityDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran UniversityDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran UniversityPhysical Therapy Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health SciencesAbstract Background Chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, particularly in the elderly, leading to reduced cervical muscle strength, impaired functional balance, and decreased postural stability. This study investigated the correlation between cervical muscle strength, functional balance, and limits of stability (LOS) in elderly individuals with CNSNP. Additionally, it assessed the moderating effect of pain severity on the relationship between cervical muscle strength and these balance outcomes. Methods A prospective study included a total of 186 participants, including 93 with CNSNP and 93 asymptomatic individuals, were recruited. Cervical flexor and extensor muscle strength were assessed using an ergoFET hand-held dynamometer. Functional balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, while LOS were evaluated using the Iso-Free machine. Results Individuals with CNSNP exhibited significantly lower cervical flexor strength (32.45 ± 5.67 N vs. 40.75 ± 5.20 N, p < 0.001) and extensor strength (28.30 ± 6.05 N vs. 36.90 ± 5.90 N, p < 0.001) compared to asymptomatic individuals. Functional balance was also poorer in the CNSNP group, with lower BBS scores (47.85 ± 4.20 vs. 53.65 ± 3.85, p < 0.001) and slower TUG times (11.30 ± 2.05 s vs. 8.45 ± 1.80 s, p < 0.001). Cervical muscle strength showed moderate to strong positive correlations with LOS (r = 0.56 to 0.62, p < 0.001) and BBS (r = 0.48 to 0.53, p < 0.001). Pain severity significantly moderated the relationship between cervical muscle strength and functional balance (β = 0.20, p = 0.045) as well as LOS (β = 0.22, p = 0.038), suggesting that higher pain levels diminish the positive effects of muscle strength on balance. Conclusion Cervical muscle strength plays a crucial role in maintaining functional balance and postural stability in elderly individuals with CNSNP. Pain severity moderates the relationship between cervical muscle strength and balance outcomes, emphasizing the importance of integrating muscle strengthening and pain management in rehabilitation programs for elderly individuals with CNSNP to optimize postural control and minimize fall risk.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05670-2Neck painChronic painCervical muscle strengthFunctional balancePostural Stability |
| spellingShingle | Shaker Hassan S. Alshehri Ravi Shankar Reddy Mohammad A. ALMohiza Mastour Saeed Alshahrani Batool Abdulelah Alkhamis Hani Hassan Alnakhli Ghada Mohammed Koura Ajay Prashad Gautam Debjani Mukherjee Raee S. Alqhtani Saeed Y. Al Adal Abdullah Mohammed Alyami Faisal M. Alyazedi Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study BMC Geriatrics Neck pain Chronic pain Cervical muscle strength Functional balance Postural Stability |
| title | Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | influence of cervical muscle strength and pain severity on functional balance and limits of stability in elderly individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain a cross sectional study |
| topic | Neck pain Chronic pain Cervical muscle strength Functional balance Postural Stability |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05670-2 |
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