Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome
Background. The activation of inflammatory cascades triggered by ischemic stroke may play a key role in the development of infections. Methods. Patients admitted with ischemic stroke within 24 hours were prospectively enrolled. Biomarkers of infection were measured on days 1, 3, and 5. The patients...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Stroke Research and Treatment |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/830614 |
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| _version_ | 1841524556910559232 |
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| author | Katja E. Wartenberg Anett Stoll Andreas Funk Andreas Meyer J. Michael Schmidt Joerg Berrouschot |
| author_facet | Katja E. Wartenberg Anett Stoll Andreas Funk Andreas Meyer J. Michael Schmidt Joerg Berrouschot |
| author_sort | Katja E. Wartenberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. The activation of inflammatory cascades triggered by ischemic stroke may play a key role in the development of infections. Methods. Patients admitted with ischemic stroke within 24 hours were prospectively enrolled. Biomarkers of infection were measured on days 1, 3, and 5. The patients were continuously monitored for predefined infections.
Results. Patients with infection were older (OR 1.06 per year, 95% CI 1.01–1.11) and had a higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS, OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10–1.34), localization in the insula, and higher stroke volumes on diffusion-weighted imaging. The maximum temperature on days 1 and 3, leukocytes, interleukin-6, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein on days 1, 3, and 5, C-reactive protein on days 3 and 5, and procalcitonin on day 5 were higher and HLA-DR-expression on monocytes on days 1, 3, and 5 lower in patients with infection. Age and NIHSS predicted the development of infections. Infection was an independent predictor of poor functional outcome.
Conclusions. Severe stroke and increasing age were shown to be early predictors for infections after stroke. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a1a307411d84b3da696ee328194792e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2042-0056 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stroke Research and Treatment |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a1a307411d84b3da696ee328194792e2025-02-03T05:52:51ZengWileyStroke Research and Treatment2042-00562011-01-01201110.4061/2011/830614830614Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and OutcomeKatja E. Wartenberg0Anett Stoll1Andreas Funk2Andreas Meyer3J. Michael Schmidt4Joerg Berrouschot5Department of Neurology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), GermanyDepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Altenburger Land, Am Waldessaum 10, 04600 Altenburg, GermanyDepartment of General Surgery, Klinikum Altenburger Land, Am Waldessaum 10, 04600 Altenburg, GermanyCentral Laboratory, Klinikum Altenburger Land, Am Waldessaum 10, 04600 Altenburg, GermanyDivision of Neurocritical Care, Neurological Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USADepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Altenburger Land, Am Waldessaum 10, 04600 Altenburg, GermanyBackground. The activation of inflammatory cascades triggered by ischemic stroke may play a key role in the development of infections. Methods. Patients admitted with ischemic stroke within 24 hours were prospectively enrolled. Biomarkers of infection were measured on days 1, 3, and 5. The patients were continuously monitored for predefined infections. Results. Patients with infection were older (OR 1.06 per year, 95% CI 1.01–1.11) and had a higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS, OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10–1.34), localization in the insula, and higher stroke volumes on diffusion-weighted imaging. The maximum temperature on days 1 and 3, leukocytes, interleukin-6, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein on days 1, 3, and 5, C-reactive protein on days 3 and 5, and procalcitonin on day 5 were higher and HLA-DR-expression on monocytes on days 1, 3, and 5 lower in patients with infection. Age and NIHSS predicted the development of infections. Infection was an independent predictor of poor functional outcome. Conclusions. Severe stroke and increasing age were shown to be early predictors for infections after stroke.http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/830614 |
| spellingShingle | Katja E. Wartenberg Anett Stoll Andreas Funk Andreas Meyer J. Michael Schmidt Joerg Berrouschot Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome Stroke Research and Treatment |
| title | Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome |
| title_full | Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome |
| title_fullStr | Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome |
| title_short | Infection after Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Outcome |
| title_sort | infection after acute ischemic stroke risk factors biomarkers and outcome |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/830614 |
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