Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin
Multiannual fruit bearing in fruit trees varies from regular bearing, with an almost steady yield from season to season, to alternate bearing, during which a year with a high fruit load (on-crop) is followed by a year of a low fruit load (off-crop). ‘Orri’ mandarin [Temple (Citrus temple hort. ex Y....
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American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)
2025-01-01
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| author | Dor Haim Itzhak Kamara Michael Morozov Avi Sadka |
| author_facet | Dor Haim Itzhak Kamara Michael Morozov Avi Sadka |
| author_sort | Dor Haim |
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| description | Multiannual fruit bearing in fruit trees varies from regular bearing, with an almost steady yield from season to season, to alternate bearing, during which a year with a high fruit load (on-crop) is followed by a year of a low fruit load (off-crop). ‘Orri’ mandarin [Temple (Citrus temple hort. ex Y. Tanaka) × Dancy (Citrus tangerine hort. ex Tanaka)] exhibits a nonregular bearing pattern: steady for a few years and alternate for others. In nonregular or alternate-bearing cultivars, fruit load is thought to regulate flowering induction and development negatively the following year. In citrus, the bud meristem develops into a leafless inflorescence (generative), leafy inflorescence (mixed type, containing leaves and flowers in various ratios), or vegetative shoot, or remains dormant. Mixed-type inflorescences contribute to most of the final yield. Gibberellins inhibit flowering when applied at relatively high concentrations during the flowering induction period in the winter, but they are suggested to induce yield when applied at relatively low concentrations. We determined the effect of mild gibberellin application in an off-crop year on the productivity of ‘Orri’ mandarin, and whether it occurs through the induction of mixed-type inflorescences. Low-concentration, low-frequency gibberellin treatments were applied to trees during the winter when fruit load was high, resulting in a greater number of mixed vs. generative inflorescences at anthesis. An average increase of 40% in fruit number and yield weight was recorded in off-crop seasons at harvest, whereas no change was recorded in on-crop seasons. We discuss treatment efficiency in on-crop and off-crop years as a practical tool for increasing yield in low-crop seasons of ‘Orri’ mandarin. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-88971b8776fe44e78aabedd88650658a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2327-9834 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) |
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| series | HortScience |
| spelling | doaj-art-88971b8776fe44e78aabedd88650658a2025-01-10T17:53:34ZengAmerican Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)HortScience2327-98342025-01-01602https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI18228-24Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ MandarinDor Haim0Itzhak Kamara1Michael Morozov2Avi Sadka3Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, The Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel; and The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of Fruit Tree Sciences, The Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, IsraelDepartment of Fruit Tree Sciences, The Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, IsraelDepartment of Fruit Tree Sciences, The Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, IsraelMultiannual fruit bearing in fruit trees varies from regular bearing, with an almost steady yield from season to season, to alternate bearing, during which a year with a high fruit load (on-crop) is followed by a year of a low fruit load (off-crop). ‘Orri’ mandarin [Temple (Citrus temple hort. ex Y. Tanaka) × Dancy (Citrus tangerine hort. ex Tanaka)] exhibits a nonregular bearing pattern: steady for a few years and alternate for others. In nonregular or alternate-bearing cultivars, fruit load is thought to regulate flowering induction and development negatively the following year. In citrus, the bud meristem develops into a leafless inflorescence (generative), leafy inflorescence (mixed type, containing leaves and flowers in various ratios), or vegetative shoot, or remains dormant. Mixed-type inflorescences contribute to most of the final yield. Gibberellins inhibit flowering when applied at relatively high concentrations during the flowering induction period in the winter, but they are suggested to induce yield when applied at relatively low concentrations. We determined the effect of mild gibberellin application in an off-crop year on the productivity of ‘Orri’ mandarin, and whether it occurs through the induction of mixed-type inflorescences. Low-concentration, low-frequency gibberellin treatments were applied to trees during the winter when fruit load was high, resulting in a greater number of mixed vs. generative inflorescences at anthesis. An average increase of 40% in fruit number and yield weight was recorded in off-crop seasons at harvest, whereas no change was recorded in on-crop seasons. We discuss treatment efficiency in on-crop and off-crop years as a practical tool for increasing yield in low-crop seasons of ‘Orri’ mandarin.https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/60/2/article-p191.xmlbiennial bearingflowering inductiongibberellic acid |
| spellingShingle | Dor Haim Itzhak Kamara Michael Morozov Avi Sadka Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin HortScience biennial bearing flowering induction gibberellic acid |
| title | Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin |
| title_full | Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin |
| title_fullStr | Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin |
| title_short | Gibberellin Treatment Toward Off-crop Season as a Practical Tool to Increase Yield in ‘Orri’ Mandarin |
| title_sort | gibberellin treatment toward off crop season as a practical tool to increase yield in orri mandarin |
| topic | biennial bearing flowering induction gibberellic acid |
| url | https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/60/2/article-p191.xml |
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