Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated liver disease that currently faces limited treatment options. In its advanced stages, AIH can progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recent research has increasingly focused on cell-free therapies, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC...

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Main Authors: Liwen Wu, Longze Zhang, Minglei Huang, Yan Wu, Sikan Jin, Yaqi Zhang, Xinyun Gan, Ting Yu, Guang Yu, Jidong Zhang, Xianyao Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Biomolecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/11/1353
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author Liwen Wu
Longze Zhang
Minglei Huang
Yan Wu
Sikan Jin
Yaqi Zhang
Xinyun Gan
Ting Yu
Guang Yu
Jidong Zhang
Xianyao Wang
author_facet Liwen Wu
Longze Zhang
Minglei Huang
Yan Wu
Sikan Jin
Yaqi Zhang
Xinyun Gan
Ting Yu
Guang Yu
Jidong Zhang
Xianyao Wang
author_sort Liwen Wu
collection DOAJ
description Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated liver disease that currently faces limited treatment options. In its advanced stages, AIH can progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recent research has increasingly focused on cell-free therapies, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exos), which have shown promise in treating autoimmune diseases, including AIH. MSC-Exos, as microvesicles with low immunogenicity, high safety, and permeability, can deliver RNA, DNA, proteins, lipids, and various drugs for disease treatment, showing promising clinical application prospects. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current research on MSC-Exos in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. It highlights the significant regulatory effects of MSC-Exos on immune cells and their ability to modify the microenvironment, demonstrating anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties while promoting liver regeneration. Additionally, this review also discusses potential challenges and future strategies for advancing Exo-based therapies in the treatment of AIH.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2218-273X
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biomolecules
spelling doaj-art-8892c7a0deb14f0393afb57086c676362024-11-26T17:53:55ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2024-10-011411135310.3390/biom14111353Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune HepatitisLiwen Wu0Longze Zhang1Minglei Huang2Yan Wu3Sikan Jin4Yaqi Zhang5Xinyun Gan6Ting Yu7Guang Yu8Jidong Zhang9Xianyao Wang10Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaScientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, ChinaAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated liver disease that currently faces limited treatment options. In its advanced stages, AIH can progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recent research has increasingly focused on cell-free therapies, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exos), which have shown promise in treating autoimmune diseases, including AIH. MSC-Exos, as microvesicles with low immunogenicity, high safety, and permeability, can deliver RNA, DNA, proteins, lipids, and various drugs for disease treatment, showing promising clinical application prospects. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current research on MSC-Exos in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. It highlights the significant regulatory effects of MSC-Exos on immune cells and their ability to modify the microenvironment, demonstrating anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties while promoting liver regeneration. Additionally, this review also discusses potential challenges and future strategies for advancing Exo-based therapies in the treatment of AIH.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/11/1353mesenchymal stem cellscell-free therapyexosomesautoimmune hepatitistargeted deliveryimmunomodulation
spellingShingle Liwen Wu
Longze Zhang
Minglei Huang
Yan Wu
Sikan Jin
Yaqi Zhang
Xinyun Gan
Ting Yu
Guang Yu
Jidong Zhang
Xianyao Wang
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
Biomolecules
mesenchymal stem cells
cell-free therapy
exosomes
autoimmune hepatitis
targeted delivery
immunomodulation
title Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
title_full Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
title_fullStr Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
title_full_unstemmed Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
title_short Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Emerging as a Promising Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis
title_sort mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes emerging as a promising cell free therapeutic strategy for autoimmune hepatitis
topic mesenchymal stem cells
cell-free therapy
exosomes
autoimmune hepatitis
targeted delivery
immunomodulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/11/1353
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