Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood
Purpose. The present study investigated the risk factors for high myopia in adulthood, with a focus on the age at which children wore their first spectacles. Methods. Adults aged between 20 and 45 years were invited to complete a questionnaire about age, sex, current refractive error, high myopia in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6612116 |
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| author | Wei-Yu Chiang Yun-Wen Chen Yu-Peng Liu Yung-Hsun Liu Pei-Chang Wu |
| author_facet | Wei-Yu Chiang Yun-Wen Chen Yu-Peng Liu Yung-Hsun Liu Pei-Chang Wu |
| author_sort | Wei-Yu Chiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose. The present study investigated the risk factors for high myopia in adulthood, with a focus on the age at which children wore their first spectacles. Methods. Adults aged between 20 and 45 years were invited to complete a questionnaire about age, sex, current refractive error, high myopia in parents, early onset of myopia presented by the age of the first myopic spectacle prescription, refractive power of the first spectacles, and life habits at different educational stages. The associations between these factors and high myopia in adulthood were then evaluated and analyzed. Results. In total, 331 participants were enrolled. Their average refractive error was −4.03 diopters, and high myopia was noted in 27.5% of the study participants. Only 3.3% of participants had fathers with high myopia, while 6.0% had mothers with high myopia. The participants received their first myopic spectacle prescription at a mean age of 13.35 years, with a mean refractive error of −1.63 diopters. The significant risk factors for developing high myopia in adult life were earlier age of the first spectacles prescribed (p<0.001), higher refractive power of the first spectacles (p<0.001), mother with high myopia (p=0.015), and after-school class attendance in senior high school (p=0.018). Those who wore their first spectacles at <9 years of age were more predisposed to high myopia than those who did so at ≧13 years, with an odds ratio of 24.9. Conclusion. The present study shows that earlier onset of myopia, which is presented by the age of the first myopic spectacle prescription, higher myopic refraction of the first spectacles, mothers with high myopia, and after-school class attendance in senior high school are risk factors for high myopia in adulthood. It suggests that delaying the onset of myopia in children is important for the prevention of high myopia in later life. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-83ee561a597941c2a442618651071ab1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-004X 2090-0058 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-83ee561a597941c2a442618651071ab12025-02-03T05:47:40ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66121166612116Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in AdulthoodWei-Yu Chiang0Yun-Wen Chen1Yu-Peng Liu2Yung-Hsun Liu3Pei-Chang Wu4Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanPurpose. The present study investigated the risk factors for high myopia in adulthood, with a focus on the age at which children wore their first spectacles. Methods. Adults aged between 20 and 45 years were invited to complete a questionnaire about age, sex, current refractive error, high myopia in parents, early onset of myopia presented by the age of the first myopic spectacle prescription, refractive power of the first spectacles, and life habits at different educational stages. The associations between these factors and high myopia in adulthood were then evaluated and analyzed. Results. In total, 331 participants were enrolled. Their average refractive error was −4.03 diopters, and high myopia was noted in 27.5% of the study participants. Only 3.3% of participants had fathers with high myopia, while 6.0% had mothers with high myopia. The participants received their first myopic spectacle prescription at a mean age of 13.35 years, with a mean refractive error of −1.63 diopters. The significant risk factors for developing high myopia in adult life were earlier age of the first spectacles prescribed (p<0.001), higher refractive power of the first spectacles (p<0.001), mother with high myopia (p=0.015), and after-school class attendance in senior high school (p=0.018). Those who wore their first spectacles at <9 years of age were more predisposed to high myopia than those who did so at ≧13 years, with an odds ratio of 24.9. Conclusion. The present study shows that earlier onset of myopia, which is presented by the age of the first myopic spectacle prescription, higher myopic refraction of the first spectacles, mothers with high myopia, and after-school class attendance in senior high school are risk factors for high myopia in adulthood. It suggests that delaying the onset of myopia in children is important for the prevention of high myopia in later life.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6612116 |
| spellingShingle | Wei-Yu Chiang Yun-Wen Chen Yu-Peng Liu Yung-Hsun Liu Pei-Chang Wu Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood Journal of Ophthalmology |
| title | Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood |
| title_full | Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood |
| title_fullStr | Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood |
| title_short | Early Age of the First Myopic Spectacle Prescription, as an Indicator of Early Onset of Myopia, Is a Risk Factor for High Myopia in Adulthood |
| title_sort | early age of the first myopic spectacle prescription as an indicator of early onset of myopia is a risk factor for high myopia in adulthood |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6612116 |
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