Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes

Background. The work is aimed at developing and researching rigorous methods for calculating thin-wire structures with a complex generatrix shape, having small wave sizes, as well as studying the physical processes occurring in them. A special case of such structures is a sinusoidal antenna operatin...

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Main Authors: Dmitry P. Tabakov, Wadzanai J. Zondai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications & Informatics 2024-10-01
Series:Физика волновых процессов и радиотехнические системы
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Online Access:https://journals.ssau.ru/pwp/article/viewFile/27953/10875
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author Dmitry P. Tabakov
Wadzanai J. Zondai
author_facet Dmitry P. Tabakov
Wadzanai J. Zondai
author_sort Dmitry P. Tabakov
collection DOAJ
description Background. The work is aimed at developing and researching rigorous methods for calculating thin-wire structures with a complex generatrix shape, having small wave sizes, as well as studying the physical processes occurring in them. A special case of such structures is a sinusoidal antenna operating in a standing current wave mode. Aim. In progress the solution of internal and external problems of electrodynamics is carried out for a sinusoidal antenna of small wave sizes located above an infinitely extended ideal reflector. The currents on the elements of the structure are calculated, its input resistance and radiation characteristics are determined. Methods. The research is based on a strict electrodynamic approach, within the framework of which, for the specified structure in the thin-wire approximation, an integral representation of the electromagnetic field is formed, which, when considered on the surface of conductors together with boundary conditions, is reduced to a system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, written relative to unknown current distributions on conductors (internal task). Results. A mathematical model of the radiating structure is proposed, determined: the input resistance of the structure and the basic characteristics of its radiation. It is shown that the operating range of a sinusoidal antenna in the standing wave mode is determined by the quality factor of the input impedance resonances; An increase in the width of the sinusoidal conductor leads to a decrease in the resonant frequencies of the input resistance with a simultaneous increase in the quality factor of the resonances. Conclusion. From a practical point of view, the use of the considered structure allows significantly reduce the dimensions in comparison with a thin electric vibrator, however in this case, the operating range will be correspondingly narrowed, which is determined, due to the weak dependence of the radiation characteristics on frequency, by the quality factor of the resonances. The current distribution on the generatrix of the structure can be considered as a «projection» standing surface wave localized in the plane of a sinusoidal conductor, and resulting from the superposition of forward and backward surface (slow) waves propagating at a speed significantly lower than the speed of light. To further clarify the physics of the processes occurring in the structure, one should use spectral analysis of current functions and study the distributions of the electromagnetic field in the near zone of the structure.
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publishDate 2024-10-01
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spelling doaj-art-8364a4b9846f48d08839b36ec02ad9ef2024-11-12T12:36:57ZengPovolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications & InformaticsФизика волновых процессов и радиотехнические системы1810-31892782-294X2024-10-01273919810.18469/1810-3189.2024.27.3.91-988889Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizesDmitry P. Tabakov0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-4936Wadzanai J. Zondai1Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and InformaticsSamara National Research UniversityBackground. The work is aimed at developing and researching rigorous methods for calculating thin-wire structures with a complex generatrix shape, having small wave sizes, as well as studying the physical processes occurring in them. A special case of such structures is a sinusoidal antenna operating in a standing current wave mode. Aim. In progress the solution of internal and external problems of electrodynamics is carried out for a sinusoidal antenna of small wave sizes located above an infinitely extended ideal reflector. The currents on the elements of the structure are calculated, its input resistance and radiation characteristics are determined. Methods. The research is based on a strict electrodynamic approach, within the framework of which, for the specified structure in the thin-wire approximation, an integral representation of the electromagnetic field is formed, which, when considered on the surface of conductors together with boundary conditions, is reduced to a system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, written relative to unknown current distributions on conductors (internal task). Results. A mathematical model of the radiating structure is proposed, determined: the input resistance of the structure and the basic characteristics of its radiation. It is shown that the operating range of a sinusoidal antenna in the standing wave mode is determined by the quality factor of the input impedance resonances; An increase in the width of the sinusoidal conductor leads to a decrease in the resonant frequencies of the input resistance with a simultaneous increase in the quality factor of the resonances. Conclusion. From a practical point of view, the use of the considered structure allows significantly reduce the dimensions in comparison with a thin electric vibrator, however in this case, the operating range will be correspondingly narrowed, which is determined, due to the weak dependence of the radiation characteristics on frequency, by the quality factor of the resonances. The current distribution on the generatrix of the structure can be considered as a «projection» standing surface wave localized in the plane of a sinusoidal conductor, and resulting from the superposition of forward and backward surface (slow) waves propagating at a speed significantly lower than the speed of light. To further clarify the physics of the processes occurring in the structure, one should use spectral analysis of current functions and study the distributions of the electromagnetic field in the near zone of the structure.https://journals.ssau.ru/pwp/article/viewFile/27953/10875sinusoidal antennaelectrodynamicsintegral equationsintegral representation of the electromagnetic fieldresonancecurrent distribution
spellingShingle Dmitry P. Tabakov
Wadzanai J. Zondai
Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
Физика волновых процессов и радиотехнические системы
sinusoidal antenna
electrodynamics
integral equations
integral representation of the electromagnetic field
resonance
current distribution
title Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
title_full Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
title_fullStr Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
title_full_unstemmed Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
title_short Electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
title_sort electrodynamic analysis of a sinusoidal antenna for small wave sizes
topic sinusoidal antenna
electrodynamics
integral equations
integral representation of the electromagnetic field
resonance
current distribution
url https://journals.ssau.ru/pwp/article/viewFile/27953/10875
work_keys_str_mv AT dmitryptabakov electrodynamicanalysisofasinusoidalantennaforsmallwavesizes
AT wadzanaijzondai electrodynamicanalysisofasinusoidalantennaforsmallwavesizes