The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators
Mycotoxin cocontamination is a severe threat to health and economic security worldwide. The mycotoxins aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B<sub>1</sub>, and ochratoxin A are of particular concern due...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/477 |
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| author | Mengshuang Jia Xiaohu Yu Kun Xu Xiaodan Gu Nicholas J. Harmer Youbao Zhao Yuqiang Xiang Xia Sheng Chenglong Li Xiang-Dang Du Jiajia Pan Wenbo Hao |
| author_facet | Mengshuang Jia Xiaohu Yu Kun Xu Xiaodan Gu Nicholas J. Harmer Youbao Zhao Yuqiang Xiang Xia Sheng Chenglong Li Xiang-Dang Du Jiajia Pan Wenbo Hao |
| author_sort | Mengshuang Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycotoxin cocontamination is a severe threat to health and economic security worldwide. The mycotoxins aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B<sub>1</sub>, and ochratoxin A are of particular concern due to their substantial toxicity. Lac-W is a laccase with the unique property of degrading these six mycotoxins in the absence of redox mediators. Nevertheless, their degradation rates are low. This work aims to improve the ability of Lac-W to degrade these six mycotoxins and to elucidate its detoxification mechanism. Including redox mediators increased the Lac-W degradation efficiency drastically, and completely degraded AFB<sub>1</sub> and ZEN within one hour. Additionally, Lac-W-AS has good temperature, pH, and ions adaptability in ZEN degradation. Lac-W-AS reduced the ZEN toxicity because ZEN degradation products significantly restored the bioluminescence intensity of <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>. A Lac-W-AS-mediated oxidation product of ZEN was structurally characterized as 15-OH-ZEN by UHPLC-MS/MS. Linear sweep voltammetry showed that AS affected the potential of Lac-W and accelerated the oxidation of ZEN. Finally, the combination of mediators (acetosyringone and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) improved the degradation rate of mycotoxins. This work highlights that the combination of Lac-W with mediators serves as a good candidate for degrading multi-mycotoxin contaminants in food and feedstuff. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-82db2a816e7a4e76bb04bf71085349dd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj-art-82db2a816e7a4e76bb04bf71085349dd2024-11-26T18:24:05ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512024-11-01161147710.3390/toxins16110477The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of MediatorsMengshuang Jia0Xiaohu Yu1Kun Xu2Xiaodan Gu3Nicholas J. Harmer4Youbao Zhao5Yuqiang Xiang6Xia Sheng7Chenglong Li8Xiang-Dang Du9Jiajia Pan10Wenbo Hao11College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaLiving Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UKCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaMycotoxin cocontamination is a severe threat to health and economic security worldwide. The mycotoxins aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B<sub>1</sub>, and ochratoxin A are of particular concern due to their substantial toxicity. Lac-W is a laccase with the unique property of degrading these six mycotoxins in the absence of redox mediators. Nevertheless, their degradation rates are low. This work aims to improve the ability of Lac-W to degrade these six mycotoxins and to elucidate its detoxification mechanism. Including redox mediators increased the Lac-W degradation efficiency drastically, and completely degraded AFB<sub>1</sub> and ZEN within one hour. Additionally, Lac-W-AS has good temperature, pH, and ions adaptability in ZEN degradation. Lac-W-AS reduced the ZEN toxicity because ZEN degradation products significantly restored the bioluminescence intensity of <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>. A Lac-W-AS-mediated oxidation product of ZEN was structurally characterized as 15-OH-ZEN by UHPLC-MS/MS. Linear sweep voltammetry showed that AS affected the potential of Lac-W and accelerated the oxidation of ZEN. Finally, the combination of mediators (acetosyringone and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) improved the degradation rate of mycotoxins. This work highlights that the combination of Lac-W with mediators serves as a good candidate for degrading multi-mycotoxin contaminants in food and feedstuff.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/477laccase mediator systemdetoxificationzearalenone |
| spellingShingle | Mengshuang Jia Xiaohu Yu Kun Xu Xiaodan Gu Nicholas J. Harmer Youbao Zhao Yuqiang Xiang Xia Sheng Chenglong Li Xiang-Dang Du Jiajia Pan Wenbo Hao The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators Toxins laccase mediator system detoxification zearalenone |
| title | The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators |
| title_full | The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators |
| title_fullStr | The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators |
| title_full_unstemmed | The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators |
| title_short | The High-Efficiency Degradation of Multiple Mycotoxins by Lac-W Laccase in the Presence of Mediators |
| title_sort | high efficiency degradation of multiple mycotoxins by lac w laccase in the presence of mediators |
| topic | laccase mediator system detoxification zearalenone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/11/477 |
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