Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete
The stability of steel slag sand as an aggregate in mortar and concrete is currently a focal point of concern. The evaluation of steel slag stability typically employs short-term rapid methods, and research on the long-term stability of steel slag sand under natural curing conditions is relatively s...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524013317 |
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| author | Zhenhao Zhou Qiang Jin Di Hu Lin Zhu Zihua Li Wanzhong Su |
| author_facet | Zhenhao Zhou Qiang Jin Di Hu Lin Zhu Zihua Li Wanzhong Su |
| author_sort | Zhenhao Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The stability of steel slag sand as an aggregate in mortar and concrete is currently a focal point of concern. The evaluation of steel slag stability typically employs short-term rapid methods, and research on the long-term stability of steel slag sand under natural curing conditions is relatively scarce. In this study, the rapid mortar bar method and alkaline-aggregate reaction method were used to compare the volumetric and apparent morphological changes in steel slag mortar and concrete under different curing conditions, with a focus on the effects of the steel slag sand aging time, substitution rate, particle size and curing conditions on the stability of steel slag sand. A combination of scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to comprehensively investigate the mechanism of the deterioration of the stability of steel slag sand. The results show that the rapid mortar bar method exacerbates the degree of hazard of steel slag sand, whereas the long-term alkali-aggregate reaction test provides a more realistic assessment of the stability of steel slag sand. The results from the long-term alkali-aggregate reaction tests conducted over 0−156 weeks indicated that the replacement ratio of steel slag sand has a minimal impact on the volume of mortar and concrete. The degree of pinpoint surface damage to the samples is significantly correlated with the uneven distribution of free calcium oxide (f-CaO) within the steel slag sand, and the influence of f-CaO on surface damage showed a stochastic nature. When the particle size of steel slag is larger than 1.18 mm, the mortar sample is prone to point damage and fracture. The concrete samples made with single-particle-size steel slag sand simultaneously exhibit significant dry shrinkage and suppression of the hazards caused by the slow hydration of f-CaO. Overall, this paper evaluates the damage forms and degree of damage to the steel slag sand in mortar and concrete and provides a scientific basis for assessing steel slag sand stability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8196cad2cae2494290a59ee5dcbe5140 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-8196cad2cae2494290a59ee5dcbe51402025-01-04T04:56:23ZengElsevierCase Studies in Construction Materials2214-50952025-07-0122e04179Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concreteZhenhao Zhou0Qiang Jin1Di Hu2Lin Zhu3Zihua Li4Wanzhong Su5College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, ChinaCollege of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, China; Corresponding author at: College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaCollege of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaCollege of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaXinjiang Huli Jiayuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Urumqi 830022, ChinaThe stability of steel slag sand as an aggregate in mortar and concrete is currently a focal point of concern. The evaluation of steel slag stability typically employs short-term rapid methods, and research on the long-term stability of steel slag sand under natural curing conditions is relatively scarce. In this study, the rapid mortar bar method and alkaline-aggregate reaction method were used to compare the volumetric and apparent morphological changes in steel slag mortar and concrete under different curing conditions, with a focus on the effects of the steel slag sand aging time, substitution rate, particle size and curing conditions on the stability of steel slag sand. A combination of scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to comprehensively investigate the mechanism of the deterioration of the stability of steel slag sand. The results show that the rapid mortar bar method exacerbates the degree of hazard of steel slag sand, whereas the long-term alkali-aggregate reaction test provides a more realistic assessment of the stability of steel slag sand. The results from the long-term alkali-aggregate reaction tests conducted over 0−156 weeks indicated that the replacement ratio of steel slag sand has a minimal impact on the volume of mortar and concrete. The degree of pinpoint surface damage to the samples is significantly correlated with the uneven distribution of free calcium oxide (f-CaO) within the steel slag sand, and the influence of f-CaO on surface damage showed a stochastic nature. When the particle size of steel slag is larger than 1.18 mm, the mortar sample is prone to point damage and fracture. The concrete samples made with single-particle-size steel slag sand simultaneously exhibit significant dry shrinkage and suppression of the hazards caused by the slow hydration of f-CaO. Overall, this paper evaluates the damage forms and degree of damage to the steel slag sand in mortar and concrete and provides a scientific basis for assessing steel slag sand stability.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524013317Steel slag aggregateHydrothermal conditionsPrismatic methodVolume expansion rate |
| spellingShingle | Zhenhao Zhou Qiang Jin Di Hu Lin Zhu Zihua Li Wanzhong Su Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete Case Studies in Construction Materials Steel slag aggregate Hydrothermal conditions Prismatic method Volume expansion rate |
| title | Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| title_full | Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| title_fullStr | Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| title_short | Long-term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| title_sort | long term volume stability of steel slag sand mortar and concrete |
| topic | Steel slag aggregate Hydrothermal conditions Prismatic method Volume expansion rate |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524013317 |
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