Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023
BackgroundOrthohantaviruses (also known as hantaviruses) are pathogens, primarily transmitted by rodents, that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). In endemic regions of Kazakhstan, no confirmed HFRS cases were detected between 2020 and 2022 raising concerns about detection. Estim...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| author | Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Roberta Horth Roberta Horth Dilyara Nabirova Dilyara Nabirova Nur Tukhanova Nur Tukhanova Elmira Utegenova Elmira Utegenova Zhanna Shapiyeva Zangar Turliyev Nazym Tleumbetova Nurbek Maykanov Manar Smagul Alan L. Landay Gavin Cloherty Gavin Cloherty Francisco Averhoff Francisco Averhoff Edmond F. Maes |
| author_facet | Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Roberta Horth Roberta Horth Dilyara Nabirova Dilyara Nabirova Nur Tukhanova Nur Tukhanova Elmira Utegenova Elmira Utegenova Zhanna Shapiyeva Zangar Turliyev Nazym Tleumbetova Nurbek Maykanov Manar Smagul Alan L. Landay Gavin Cloherty Gavin Cloherty Francisco Averhoff Francisco Averhoff Edmond F. Maes |
| author_sort | Ulyana Gubareva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundOrthohantaviruses (also known as hantaviruses) are pathogens, primarily transmitted by rodents, that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). In endemic regions of Kazakhstan, no confirmed HFRS cases were detected between 2020 and 2022 raising concerns about detection. Estimate antibody seroprevalence for hantaviruses and identify associated risk factors among high-risk adults in western Kazakhstan in 2023.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, adults were randomly sampled from public clinic registries in 14 villages in West Kazakhstan during June–July 2023. We interviewed 921 participants and collected serum samples which were tested for presence of hantavirus specific IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and residential risk-factor data were self-reported. We assessed factors associated with seropositivity using multivariable Poisson regression, adjusting for key variables such as age and gender.ResultsAmong 921 participants, 63.0% were female, median age was 53 years, 72.0% resided in single houses and 38.0% reported encounters with rodents. Among 921 participants we found 3.1% (n = 28) hantavirus seroprevalence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1–4.3). No seropositive participants had prior hospitalization or symptoms consistent with hantavirus. Three seronegative participants had previous hospitalization for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Over one-third (38%) of participants encountered rodents or droppings in the past year in their homes or workplaces. Higher seroprevalence was found among office occupational workers than unemployed people (prevalence ratio [PR]:7.3, 95%CI: 1.3–53.5), and among those who lived near ponds than those who did not (PR:11.5, 95%CI: 1.6–54.7).ConclusionOverall, the seroprevalence was low, but indicated some risk of infection among the adult population. Our results highlight potential occupational and residential risk factors for hantavirus infection in West Kazakhstan. Relevant public health interventions should include educating the population about promoting preventive practices, workplace hygiene, rodent control measures, and enhanced case diagnosis and management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-813711895cfa47e69feb9a461affa0d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-813711895cfa47e69feb9a461affa0d92025-01-16T14:00:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-01-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.15191171519117Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023Ulyana Gubareva0Ulyana Gubareva1Ulyana Gubareva2Roberta Horth3Roberta Horth4Dilyara Nabirova5Dilyara Nabirova6Nur Tukhanova7Nur Tukhanova8Elmira Utegenova9Elmira Utegenova10Zhanna Shapiyeva11Zangar Turliyev12Nazym Tleumbetova13Nurbek Maykanov14Manar Smagul15Alan L. Landay16Gavin Cloherty17Gavin Cloherty18Francisco Averhoff19Francisco Averhoff20Edmond F. Maes21Scientific and Practical Center for Sanitary-Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty, KazakhstanCentral Asia Field Epidemiology Training Program, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, KazakhstanProject Implementation Unit of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in Kazakhstan, Almaty, KazakhstanCentral Asia Field Epidemiology Training Program, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, KazakhstanDivision of Global Health Protection in Central Asia, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Almaty, KazakhstanCentral Asia Field Epidemiology Training Program, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, KazakhstanDivision of Global Health Protection in Central Asia, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Almaty, KazakhstanS. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, KazakhstanM. Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center of Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, KazakhstanScientific and Practical Center for Sanitary-Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty, KazakhstanInternational Institution of Postgraduate Education, Almaty, KazakhstanScientific and Practical Center for Sanitary-Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty, KazakhstanScientific and Practical Center for Sanitary-Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty, KazakhstanReference Laboratory for the Control of Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, KazakhstanUral Anti-Plague Station, Uralsk, Kazakhstan0National Center for Public Health, Astana, Kazakhstan1University of Texas Medical Center, Galveston, TX, United States2Infectious Diseases Research, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, United States3Abbott Pandemic Defense Coalition (APDC), Abbott Park, IL, United States2Infectious Diseases Research, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, United States3Abbott Pandemic Defense Coalition (APDC), Abbott Park, IL, United States4Department of Global Health, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United StatesBackgroundOrthohantaviruses (also known as hantaviruses) are pathogens, primarily transmitted by rodents, that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). In endemic regions of Kazakhstan, no confirmed HFRS cases were detected between 2020 and 2022 raising concerns about detection. Estimate antibody seroprevalence for hantaviruses and identify associated risk factors among high-risk adults in western Kazakhstan in 2023.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, adults were randomly sampled from public clinic registries in 14 villages in West Kazakhstan during June–July 2023. We interviewed 921 participants and collected serum samples which were tested for presence of hantavirus specific IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and residential risk-factor data were self-reported. We assessed factors associated with seropositivity using multivariable Poisson regression, adjusting for key variables such as age and gender.ResultsAmong 921 participants, 63.0% were female, median age was 53 years, 72.0% resided in single houses and 38.0% reported encounters with rodents. Among 921 participants we found 3.1% (n = 28) hantavirus seroprevalence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1–4.3). No seropositive participants had prior hospitalization or symptoms consistent with hantavirus. Three seronegative participants had previous hospitalization for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Over one-third (38%) of participants encountered rodents or droppings in the past year in their homes or workplaces. Higher seroprevalence was found among office occupational workers than unemployed people (prevalence ratio [PR]:7.3, 95%CI: 1.3–53.5), and among those who lived near ponds than those who did not (PR:11.5, 95%CI: 1.6–54.7).ConclusionOverall, the seroprevalence was low, but indicated some risk of infection among the adult population. Our results highlight potential occupational and residential risk factors for hantavirus infection in West Kazakhstan. Relevant public health interventions should include educating the population about promoting preventive practices, workplace hygiene, rodent control measures, and enhanced case diagnosis and management.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1519117/fullhantavirushemorrhagic fever renal syndromeHFRShantavirus infectionrodent-borne diseasesWest Kazakhstan |
| spellingShingle | Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Ulyana Gubareva Roberta Horth Roberta Horth Dilyara Nabirova Dilyara Nabirova Nur Tukhanova Nur Tukhanova Elmira Utegenova Elmira Utegenova Zhanna Shapiyeva Zangar Turliyev Nazym Tleumbetova Nurbek Maykanov Manar Smagul Alan L. Landay Gavin Cloherty Gavin Cloherty Francisco Averhoff Francisco Averhoff Edmond F. Maes Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 Frontiers in Public Health hantavirus hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome HFRS hantavirus infection rodent-borne diseases West Kazakhstan |
| title | Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 |
| title_full | Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 |
| title_fullStr | Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 |
| title_short | Hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in West Kazakhstan, 2023 |
| title_sort | hantavirus antibody seroprevalence and risk factors among adults in west kazakhstan 2023 |
| topic | hantavirus hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome HFRS hantavirus infection rodent-borne diseases West Kazakhstan |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1519117/full |
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