Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA

Abstract Accurate information on species range contraction is the cornerstone of effective biodiversity conservation. The eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) is an apex predator in Florida and, similar to many species native to Florida, is threatened by widespread habitat destruction. Environm...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carlos A. Santamaria, Emily Galbraith, Alison M. Gainsbury
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-11-01
Series:Conservation Science and Practice
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13237
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846172457583509504
author Carlos A. Santamaria
Emily Galbraith
Alison M. Gainsbury
author_facet Carlos A. Santamaria
Emily Galbraith
Alison M. Gainsbury
author_sort Carlos A. Santamaria
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Accurate information on species range contraction is the cornerstone of effective biodiversity conservation. The eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) is an apex predator in Florida and, similar to many species native to Florida, is threatened by widespread habitat destruction. Environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (eDNA) monitoring of this elusive snake would provide a non‐invasive approach to improve our knowledge of the species' range and distribution. We designed and tested an eDNA assay that can detect the presence of D. couperi from soil samples from their natural scrub habitat in Florida. We validated our assay in silico, in vitro, and in situ. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of temperature and humidity on the degradation rate of eDNA over time. We successfully amplified the cytochrome b gene for D. couperi at concentrations as low as 3 × 10−3 ng/μL and successfully detected the presence of D. couperi in 2 of 30 in situ field soil samples. The degradation experiment resulted in detectable DNA for 10 days. Interestingly, temperature and humidity had no effect on the degradation rate of eDNA in our experimental conditions. This study provides support for soil eDNA applications to detect the presence of a federally threatened species in their natural environment bolstering our ability to monitor the conservation and management of imperiled species. Environmental DNA provides an additional conservation tool to quickly and effectively monitor species range shifts driven by multiple anthropogenic stressors to promote the persistence of imperiled species.
format Article
id doaj-art-810b40de0e014624a27d435088c03867
institution Kabale University
issn 2578-4854
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Conservation Science and Practice
spelling doaj-art-810b40de0e014624a27d435088c038672024-11-10T06:27:47ZengWileyConservation Science and Practice2578-48542024-11-01611n/an/a10.1111/csp2.13237Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNACarlos A. Santamaria0Emily Galbraith1Alison M. Gainsbury2Department of Biology University of Tampa Tampa Florida USADepartment of Integrative Biology University of South Florida St. Petersburg Florida USADepartment of Integrative Biology University of South Florida St. Petersburg Florida USAAbstract Accurate information on species range contraction is the cornerstone of effective biodiversity conservation. The eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) is an apex predator in Florida and, similar to many species native to Florida, is threatened by widespread habitat destruction. Environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (eDNA) monitoring of this elusive snake would provide a non‐invasive approach to improve our knowledge of the species' range and distribution. We designed and tested an eDNA assay that can detect the presence of D. couperi from soil samples from their natural scrub habitat in Florida. We validated our assay in silico, in vitro, and in situ. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of temperature and humidity on the degradation rate of eDNA over time. We successfully amplified the cytochrome b gene for D. couperi at concentrations as low as 3 × 10−3 ng/μL and successfully detected the presence of D. couperi in 2 of 30 in situ field soil samples. The degradation experiment resulted in detectable DNA for 10 days. Interestingly, temperature and humidity had no effect on the degradation rate of eDNA in our experimental conditions. This study provides support for soil eDNA applications to detect the presence of a federally threatened species in their natural environment bolstering our ability to monitor the conservation and management of imperiled species. Environmental DNA provides an additional conservation tool to quickly and effectively monitor species range shifts driven by multiple anthropogenic stressors to promote the persistence of imperiled species.https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13237conservation managementEndangered Species Actgopher burrowsreptilesnakesoil environmental DNA
spellingShingle Carlos A. Santamaria
Emily Galbraith
Alison M. Gainsbury
Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
Conservation Science and Practice
conservation management
Endangered Species Act
gopher burrows
reptile
snake
soil environmental DNA
title Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
title_full Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
title_fullStr Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
title_full_unstemmed Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
title_short Development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened Florida eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) using soil eDNA
title_sort development of an assay for the detection of the federally threatened florida eastern indigo snake drymarchon couperi using soil edna
topic conservation management
Endangered Species Act
gopher burrows
reptile
snake
soil environmental DNA
url https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13237
work_keys_str_mv AT carlosasantamaria developmentofanassayforthedetectionofthefederallythreatenedfloridaeasternindigosnakedrymarchoncouperiusingsoiledna
AT emilygalbraith developmentofanassayforthedetectionofthefederallythreatenedfloridaeasternindigosnakedrymarchoncouperiusingsoiledna
AT alisonmgainsbury developmentofanassayforthedetectionofthefederallythreatenedfloridaeasternindigosnakedrymarchoncouperiusingsoiledna