Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)
Abstract Background Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may result in significant medical sequelae. Compared to youth with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), youth with ARFID tend to be younger and are more likely to be male. We aim to describe sex differences in clinical cha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Eating Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-01171-0 |
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| author | Jason M. Nagata Anita V. Chaphekar Patrick Low Ruben Vargas Kyle T. Ganson Anthony Nguyen Sara M. Buckelew Andrea K. Garber Amanda E. Downey |
| author_facet | Jason M. Nagata Anita V. Chaphekar Patrick Low Ruben Vargas Kyle T. Ganson Anthony Nguyen Sara M. Buckelew Andrea K. Garber Amanda E. Downey |
| author_sort | Jason M. Nagata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may result in significant medical sequelae. Compared to youth with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), youth with ARFID tend to be younger and are more likely to be male. We aim to describe sex differences in clinical characteristics of youth hospitalized for medical complications of ARFID and compare their characteristics with youth hospitalized for anorexia nervosa. Methods This is a retrospective review of electronic medical records for youth with ARFID (N = 36; 13 male and 23 female) and AN (N = 355; 40 male and 315 female), including restricting and binge-eating/purging subtypes, aged 9–25 admitted to the inpatient UCSF Eating Disorders Program (2012–2020). Results A greater proportion of youth with ARFID were male compared to youth with AN (36.1% vs. 11.2%). Male youth with ARFID (mean age 15.5 ± 2.8) had lower heart rate nadir (49.2 vs. 57.6 beats per minute, p = .019) and lower total cholesterol (129.8 vs. 159.3 mg/dL, p = .008), but higher hemoglobin (13.9 vs. 13.0 g/dL, p = .015) and prescribed calories at discharge (3323 vs. 2817 kcal, p = .001) compared to females with ARFID. Males with AN, who on average had higher admission BMI than males with ARFID (17.3 vs. 15.5 kg/m2, p = .013), required more (3785) kcal on discharge to restore medical stability than males with ARFID (3323 kcal). Compared to all youth with AN, youth with ARFID had lower body mass index (BMI, 15.7 vs. 17.0 kg/m2, p = .001) and lower vitamin D (26.5 vs. 33.0 ng/mL, p = .003). Conclusions ARFID in males is associated with lower heart rate nadirs than in females with ARFID. Clinicians should be aware of unique medical complications in youth with ARFID compared to youth with AN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7ed57e5336e343669216a0aeb97ae0aa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2050-2974 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Eating Disorders |
| spelling | doaj-art-7ed57e5336e343669216a0aeb97ae0aa2025-01-12T12:04:38ZengBMCJournal of Eating Disorders2050-29742025-01-011311810.1186/s40337-024-01171-0Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)Jason M. Nagata0Anita V. Chaphekar1Patrick Low2Ruben Vargas3Kyle T. Ganson4Anthony Nguyen5Sara M. Buckelew6Andrea K. Garber7Amanda E. Downey8Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoFactor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of TorontoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San FranciscoAbstract Background Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may result in significant medical sequelae. Compared to youth with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), youth with ARFID tend to be younger and are more likely to be male. We aim to describe sex differences in clinical characteristics of youth hospitalized for medical complications of ARFID and compare their characteristics with youth hospitalized for anorexia nervosa. Methods This is a retrospective review of electronic medical records for youth with ARFID (N = 36; 13 male and 23 female) and AN (N = 355; 40 male and 315 female), including restricting and binge-eating/purging subtypes, aged 9–25 admitted to the inpatient UCSF Eating Disorders Program (2012–2020). Results A greater proportion of youth with ARFID were male compared to youth with AN (36.1% vs. 11.2%). Male youth with ARFID (mean age 15.5 ± 2.8) had lower heart rate nadir (49.2 vs. 57.6 beats per minute, p = .019) and lower total cholesterol (129.8 vs. 159.3 mg/dL, p = .008), but higher hemoglobin (13.9 vs. 13.0 g/dL, p = .015) and prescribed calories at discharge (3323 vs. 2817 kcal, p = .001) compared to females with ARFID. Males with AN, who on average had higher admission BMI than males with ARFID (17.3 vs. 15.5 kg/m2, p = .013), required more (3785) kcal on discharge to restore medical stability than males with ARFID (3323 kcal). Compared to all youth with AN, youth with ARFID had lower body mass index (BMI, 15.7 vs. 17.0 kg/m2, p = .001) and lower vitamin D (26.5 vs. 33.0 ng/mL, p = .003). Conclusions ARFID in males is associated with lower heart rate nadirs than in females with ARFID. Clinicians should be aware of unique medical complications in youth with ARFID compared to youth with AN.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-01171-0ARFIDAnorexia nervosaFeeding and eating disordersFemaleMaleRefeeding |
| spellingShingle | Jason M. Nagata Anita V. Chaphekar Patrick Low Ruben Vargas Kyle T. Ganson Anthony Nguyen Sara M. Buckelew Andrea K. Garber Amanda E. Downey Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) Journal of Eating Disorders ARFID Anorexia nervosa Feeding and eating disorders Female Male Refeeding |
| title | Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) |
| title_full | Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) |
| title_fullStr | Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) |
| title_short | Clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder arfid |
| topic | ARFID Anorexia nervosa Feeding and eating disorders Female Male Refeeding |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-01171-0 |
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