Serum <i>p</i>-Cresyl Sulfate Is Independently Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Serum <i>p</i>-Cresyl Sulfate Is Independently Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

<i>p</i>-Cresyl sulfate (PCS), a gut-derived uremic toxin with proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects, has been implicated in cardiovascular injuries among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Aortic stiffness (AS), assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), is a reco...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yahn-Bor Chern, Ken Lee Chia, Chin-Hung Liu, Yu-Li Lin, Jen-Pi Tsai, Bang-Gee Hsu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity
<i>p</i>-Cresyl sulfate
chronic kidney disease
aortic stiffness
biomarker
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/7/1116
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