Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and comparison of carotid intima thickness in two completely different demographics in South India. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 865 participants in rural Nallampatti and 1081 participants from urban Kalapatti in the state...

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Main Authors: Ganesh Veerasekar, Krishnan Swaminathan, Mohanraj Sundaresan, Chitra Ramanathan, Ganesan Velmurugan, Thomas Alexander, Nalla G Palaniswami, Mathew Cherian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2018-01-01
Series:Apollo Medicine
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Online Access:http://www.apollomedicine.org/article.asp?issn=0976-0016;year=2018;volume=15;issue=2;spage=94;epage=98;aulast=Veerasekar
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author Ganesh Veerasekar
Krishnan Swaminathan
Mohanraj Sundaresan
Chitra Ramanathan
Ganesan Velmurugan
Thomas Alexander
Nalla G Palaniswami
Mathew Cherian
author_facet Ganesh Veerasekar
Krishnan Swaminathan
Mohanraj Sundaresan
Chitra Ramanathan
Ganesan Velmurugan
Thomas Alexander
Nalla G Palaniswami
Mathew Cherian
author_sort Ganesh Veerasekar
collection DOAJ
description Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and comparison of carotid intima thickness in two completely different demographics in South India. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 865 participants in rural Nallampatti and 1081 participants from urban Kalapatti in the state of Tamil Nadu. Local ethics committee approval and written and informed consent were obtained from all participants. Carotid intima thickness was measured on all participants using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Atherosclerosis was defined as a carotid intima-media thickness of ≥1 mm. Results: The prevalence of atherosclerosis was 10.3% in rural Nallampatti compared to 7.8% in urban Kalapatti. On binary logistic regression analysis, diabetes and hypertension were associated with atherosclerosis in rural areas, but this significance disappeared after adjustment for confounding factors. In urban areas, diabetes appeared to be significantly associated with atherosclerosis even after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusion: Our data suggest a surprisingly increased prevalence of atherosclerosis in a rural farming population even though traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis such as diabetes and hypertension did not show a significant association after adjustment for confounding factors. If confirmed, this provides a rationale to do large-scale studies to explore the role of nontraditional risk factors in rural India that could have an impact on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
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spelling doaj-art-7cc1f938a87f4bfab94c0f458fac012b2025-01-02T08:21:45ZengSAGE PublishingApollo Medicine0976-00162213-36822018-01-01152949810.4103/am.am_13_18Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studiesGanesh VeerasekarKrishnan SwaminathanMohanraj SundaresanChitra RamanathanGanesan VelmuruganThomas AlexanderNalla G PalaniswamiMathew CherianAim: The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and comparison of carotid intima thickness in two completely different demographics in South India. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 865 participants in rural Nallampatti and 1081 participants from urban Kalapatti in the state of Tamil Nadu. Local ethics committee approval and written and informed consent were obtained from all participants. Carotid intima thickness was measured on all participants using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Atherosclerosis was defined as a carotid intima-media thickness of ≥1 mm. Results: The prevalence of atherosclerosis was 10.3% in rural Nallampatti compared to 7.8% in urban Kalapatti. On binary logistic regression analysis, diabetes and hypertension were associated with atherosclerosis in rural areas, but this significance disappeared after adjustment for confounding factors. In urban areas, diabetes appeared to be significantly associated with atherosclerosis even after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusion: Our data suggest a surprisingly increased prevalence of atherosclerosis in a rural farming population even though traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis such as diabetes and hypertension did not show a significant association after adjustment for confounding factors. If confirmed, this provides a rationale to do large-scale studies to explore the role of nontraditional risk factors in rural India that could have an impact on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.http://www.apollomedicine.org/article.asp?issn=0976-0016;year=2018;volume=15;issue=2;spage=94;epage=98;aulast=Veerasekaratherosclerosiscarotid intima-media thicknessnallampatti-non communicable disease (nncd)noncommunicable disease
spellingShingle Ganesh Veerasekar
Krishnan Swaminathan
Mohanraj Sundaresan
Chitra Ramanathan
Ganesan Velmurugan
Thomas Alexander
Nalla G Palaniswami
Mathew Cherian
Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
Apollo Medicine
atherosclerosis
carotid intima-media thickness
nallampatti-non communicable disease (nncd)
noncommunicable disease
title Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
title_full Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
title_fullStr Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
title_full_unstemmed Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
title_short Comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in South India: Insights from the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-noncommunicable disease studies
title_sort comparative burdens of atherosclerosis in rural and urban communities in south india insights from the kovai medical center and hospital noncommunicable disease studies
topic atherosclerosis
carotid intima-media thickness
nallampatti-non communicable disease (nncd)
noncommunicable disease
url http://www.apollomedicine.org/article.asp?issn=0976-0016;year=2018;volume=15;issue=2;spage=94;epage=98;aulast=Veerasekar
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