Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study

Objectives To examine the association between use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Design Population-based case-control study.Setting Routinely collected laboratory, prescription and diagnostic information on all inhabitants with creatinine measu...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Per Damkier, Mikkel Højlund, Lars Christian Lund, Jonas Leander Emming Herping, Maija Bruun Haastrup
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-08-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/8/e038247.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846143076509155328
author Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen
Per Damkier
Mikkel Højlund
Lars Christian Lund
Jonas Leander Emming Herping
Maija Bruun Haastrup
author_facet Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen
Per Damkier
Mikkel Højlund
Lars Christian Lund
Jonas Leander Emming Herping
Maija Bruun Haastrup
author_sort Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen
collection DOAJ
description Objectives To examine the association between use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Design Population-based case-control study.Setting Routinely collected laboratory, prescription and diagnostic information on all inhabitants with creatinine measurements residing on the island of Funen, Denmark (2001 to 2015).Participants 21 434 cases with incident CKD matched with 85 576 CKD-free population controls by risk-set sampling using age, sex and calendar year.Primary and secondary outcome measures CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in a period longer than 3 months. Information on drug exposure and comorbidities were obtained from the Danish National Prescription Register and the Danish National Patient Register. We calculated OR for the association between SGA use and CKD using conditional logistic regression.Results Use of SGAs was associated with increased risk of CKD among ever users (OR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.37) and current users (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.42). We found no clear evidence of dose-response relationship. Both short duration (one to two antipsychotic prescriptions; OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.48) as well as long-term use (>30 prescriptions; OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.76) were associated with an increased risk of CKD. Both use of SGAs with mild and high risk of metabolic disturbances was associated with increased risk of CKD (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.39 and OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.68, respectively). Recent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prior use of lithium, hypertension or prior acute kidney injury were not clearly associated with development of CKD connected to SGA exposure. The highest risk of CKD was found for clozapine (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.69).Conclusion Use of SGA is associated with a small-to-moderately increased risk of incident CKD. All investigated SGAs, except for aripiprazole, were associated with an increased risk of CKD.
format Article
id doaj-art-7caa4cf7b83b4a51a879eccb86e23bc7
institution Kabale University
issn 2044-6055
language English
publishDate 2020-08-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Open
spelling doaj-art-7caa4cf7b83b4a51a879eccb86e23bc72024-12-03T04:10:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552020-08-0110810.1136/bmjopen-2020-038247Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control studyDaniel Pilsgaard Henriksen0Per Damkier1Mikkel Højlund2Lars Christian Lund3Jonas Leander Emming Herping4Maija Bruun Haastrup5Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark1 Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmarkpostdoctoral researcher1 Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkObjectives To examine the association between use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Design Population-based case-control study.Setting Routinely collected laboratory, prescription and diagnostic information on all inhabitants with creatinine measurements residing on the island of Funen, Denmark (2001 to 2015).Participants 21 434 cases with incident CKD matched with 85 576 CKD-free population controls by risk-set sampling using age, sex and calendar year.Primary and secondary outcome measures CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in a period longer than 3 months. Information on drug exposure and comorbidities were obtained from the Danish National Prescription Register and the Danish National Patient Register. We calculated OR for the association between SGA use and CKD using conditional logistic regression.Results Use of SGAs was associated with increased risk of CKD among ever users (OR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.37) and current users (OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.42). We found no clear evidence of dose-response relationship. Both short duration (one to two antipsychotic prescriptions; OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.48) as well as long-term use (>30 prescriptions; OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.76) were associated with an increased risk of CKD. Both use of SGAs with mild and high risk of metabolic disturbances was associated with increased risk of CKD (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.39 and OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.68, respectively). Recent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prior use of lithium, hypertension or prior acute kidney injury were not clearly associated with development of CKD connected to SGA exposure. The highest risk of CKD was found for clozapine (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.69).Conclusion Use of SGA is associated with a small-to-moderately increased risk of incident CKD. All investigated SGAs, except for aripiprazole, were associated with an increased risk of CKD.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/8/e038247.full
spellingShingle Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen
Per Damkier
Mikkel Højlund
Lars Christian Lund
Jonas Leander Emming Herping
Maija Bruun Haastrup
Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
BMJ Open
title Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
title_full Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
title_fullStr Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
title_full_unstemmed Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
title_short Second-generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a population-based case-control study
title_sort second generation antipsychotics and the risk of chronic kidney disease a population based case control study
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/8/e038247.full
work_keys_str_mv AT danielpilsgaardhenriksen secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy
AT perdamkier secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy
AT mikkelhøjlund secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy
AT larschristianlund secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy
AT jonasleanderemmingherping secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy
AT maijabruunhaastrup secondgenerationantipsychoticsandtheriskofchronickidneydiseaseapopulationbasedcasecontrolstudy