Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone
This study investigates the significance of single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes with a convectional fluid (water) over a vertical cone under the influences of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation and saturated porous media. The impact of heat sources is...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1463778/full |
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| author | Haihua Xu Fuad A. Awwad Emad A. A. Ismail Waris Khan |
| author_facet | Haihua Xu Fuad A. Awwad Emad A. A. Ismail Waris Khan |
| author_sort | Haihua Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the significance of single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes with a convectional fluid (water) over a vertical cone under the influences of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation and saturated porous media. The impact of heat sources is also examined. Based on the flow assumptions, the fundamental flow equations are modeled as partial differential equations (PDEs). Using the appropriate transformation, the PDEs are converted to ordinary differential equations and then solved via RK4 in MATLAB. To confirm the results, a comparison is made with a previously investigated problem, finding good agreement. The emerging dimensionless physical parameters impact on the flow problem is determined through graphs and tables. Analysis reveals a dual solution for the suction and injection parameter. Therefore, stability examination is implemented to confirm a stable solution. The aim of the study is to analyze SWCTs and MWCTs in a vertical cone with stability to establish that only the first solution is reliable. The analysis here signifies that large volume fractions can be substituted to increase the nanofluid movement. The mathematical model and graphical demonstration indicate that the velocity of MWCNTs is higher than SWCNTs. Moreover, the local skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers improve with Biot number. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7c409b64c4e347018b9cdc6dd99e213c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2646 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-7c409b64c4e347018b9cdc6dd99e213c2025-01-14T04:11:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462025-01-011210.3389/fchem.2024.14637781463778Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical coneHaihua Xu0Fuad A. Awwad1Emad A. A. Ismail2Waris Khan3School of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, ChinaDepartment of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, PakistanThis study investigates the significance of single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes with a convectional fluid (water) over a vertical cone under the influences of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation and saturated porous media. The impact of heat sources is also examined. Based on the flow assumptions, the fundamental flow equations are modeled as partial differential equations (PDEs). Using the appropriate transformation, the PDEs are converted to ordinary differential equations and then solved via RK4 in MATLAB. To confirm the results, a comparison is made with a previously investigated problem, finding good agreement. The emerging dimensionless physical parameters impact on the flow problem is determined through graphs and tables. Analysis reveals a dual solution for the suction and injection parameter. Therefore, stability examination is implemented to confirm a stable solution. The aim of the study is to analyze SWCTs and MWCTs in a vertical cone with stability to establish that only the first solution is reliable. The analysis here signifies that large volume fractions can be substituted to increase the nanofluid movement. The mathematical model and graphical demonstration indicate that the velocity of MWCNTs is higher than SWCNTs. Moreover, the local skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers improve with Biot number.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1463778/fullnumerical investigationdual solutionstability analysisnanofluidthermal radiationsolutal boundary layer |
| spellingShingle | Haihua Xu Fuad A. Awwad Emad A. A. Ismail Waris Khan Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone Frontiers in Chemistry numerical investigation dual solution stability analysis nanofluid thermal radiation solutal boundary layer |
| title | Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| title_full | Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| title_fullStr | Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| title_short | Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| title_sort | mathematical model and stability of swcnt and mwcnt based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone |
| topic | numerical investigation dual solution stability analysis nanofluid thermal radiation solutal boundary layer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1463778/full |
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