Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study
Abstract Background Although there have been many studies on the relationship between ambient air pollution and cognitive functioning in developed countries, there are no studies focusing on the interaction between ambient air pollution and social activities. This study aims to examine interactive e...
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21107-2 |
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| author | Shijia Yuan Yang Zhao Wenhui Gao Surong Zhao Ronghang Liu Bilal Ahmad Hongyu Li Yukun Shi Luyang Wang Chunlei Han |
| author_facet | Shijia Yuan Yang Zhao Wenhui Gao Surong Zhao Ronghang Liu Bilal Ahmad Hongyu Li Yukun Shi Luyang Wang Chunlei Han |
| author_sort | Shijia Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Although there have been many studies on the relationship between ambient air pollution and cognitive functioning in developed countries, there are no studies focusing on the interaction between ambient air pollution and social activities. This study aims to examine interactive effects of ambient air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in Chinese middle-aged and older. Methods This study used nationally representative longitudinal survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2013, 2015 and 2018. The study explored the additive interaction effects of air pollutants and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults by constructing mixed linear regression analyses containing interaction terms, as well as constructing additive interaction analyses with dummy variables containing four unordered categories that were partitioned according to median. In addition, the study further explored the interaction between air pollution and different types of social activities through an interaction term between air pollution and different types of social activities. Results In the model fully adjusted for covariates such as age, sex, region, we found significant coefficients on the interaction term between PM2.5, O3 and social activities on cognitive function (PM2.5, β = -0.018, 95%CI: -0.029, -0.006; O3, β = 0.017, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027). In the interaction analysis by constructing dummy variables, we found a significant antagonistic effect between PM2.5 and social activities (SI = 0.730, 95%CI: 0.674, 0.785), a possible antagonistic effect between NO2 and social activities (SI = 0.697, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747), and a possible synergistic effect between O3 and social activities (SI = 1.769, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747). In addition, the study found significant interactions between simple interaction, leisure and recreational, and intellectual participation social activities and air pollution. Conclusion Our study demonstrated an antagonistic effect of PM2.5 and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7bc7ae63cdf54d68a3d6f9365a1bda3c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-7bc7ae63cdf54d68a3d6f9365a1bda3c2024-12-29T12:50:45ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582024-12-0124111410.1186/s12889-024-21107-2Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort studyShijia Yuan0Yang Zhao1Wenhui Gao2Surong Zhao3Ronghang Liu4Bilal Ahmad5Hongyu Li6Yukun Shi7Luyang Wang8Chunlei Han9School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Health Management, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health, Binzhou Medical UniversityHenan University of Chinese MedicineBinzhou PolytechnicBinzhou PolytechnicZhangdian Center for Disease Control and PreventionSchool of Public Health, Binzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Although there have been many studies on the relationship between ambient air pollution and cognitive functioning in developed countries, there are no studies focusing on the interaction between ambient air pollution and social activities. This study aims to examine interactive effects of ambient air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in Chinese middle-aged and older. Methods This study used nationally representative longitudinal survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2013, 2015 and 2018. The study explored the additive interaction effects of air pollutants and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults by constructing mixed linear regression analyses containing interaction terms, as well as constructing additive interaction analyses with dummy variables containing four unordered categories that were partitioned according to median. In addition, the study further explored the interaction between air pollution and different types of social activities through an interaction term between air pollution and different types of social activities. Results In the model fully adjusted for covariates such as age, sex, region, we found significant coefficients on the interaction term between PM2.5, O3 and social activities on cognitive function (PM2.5, β = -0.018, 95%CI: -0.029, -0.006; O3, β = 0.017, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027). In the interaction analysis by constructing dummy variables, we found a significant antagonistic effect between PM2.5 and social activities (SI = 0.730, 95%CI: 0.674, 0.785), a possible antagonistic effect between NO2 and social activities (SI = 0.697, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747), and a possible synergistic effect between O3 and social activities (SI = 1.769, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747). In addition, the study found significant interactions between simple interaction, leisure and recreational, and intellectual participation social activities and air pollution. Conclusion Our study demonstrated an antagonistic effect of PM2.5 and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21107-2Air pollutionCognitive functionInteractive analysisCHARLSCohort studyChina |
| spellingShingle | Shijia Yuan Yang Zhao Wenhui Gao Surong Zhao Ronghang Liu Bilal Ahmad Hongyu Li Yukun Shi Luyang Wang Chunlei Han Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study BMC Public Health Air pollution Cognitive function Interactive analysis CHARLS Cohort study China |
| title | Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| title_full | Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| title_short | Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| title_sort | interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle aged and older chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study |
| topic | Air pollution Cognitive function Interactive analysis CHARLS Cohort study China |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21107-2 |
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