The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis
The aim of this work was to investigate the hydrocracking of algae oil derived from Spirulina Platensis species catalyzed with bi-component nickel-zirconia catalysts supported onto different carriers (BEA, ZSM-5 and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in an autoclave at 320 °C for 2...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5380 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846152790665068544 |
|---|---|
| author | Lukasz Szkudlarek Karolina A. Chalupka-Spiewak Aleksandra Zimon Michal Binczarski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Pawel Mierczynski Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik |
| author_facet | Lukasz Szkudlarek Karolina A. Chalupka-Spiewak Aleksandra Zimon Michal Binczarski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Pawel Mierczynski Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik |
| author_sort | Lukasz Szkudlarek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this work was to investigate the hydrocracking of algae oil derived from Spirulina Platensis species catalyzed with bi-component nickel-zirconia catalysts supported onto different carriers (BEA, ZSM-5 and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in an autoclave at 320 °C for 2 h with a hydrogen pressure of 75 bar. All catalysts were prepared using the wet co-impregnation method and were characterized by H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, XRD, NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD, BET and SEM-EDS. Before reactions, catalysts were calcined at 600 °C for 4 h in a muffle furnace, then reduced with 5%H<sub>2</sub>-95%Ar reducing mixture at 500 °C, 600 °C or 700 °C for 2 h. The obtained products were analyzed and identified by HPLC and GC-MS techniques. In addition to the investigation of the support effect, the influence of the reduction temperature of catalytic systems on the catalytic activity and selectivity of the products was also examined. The activity results show that Ni-Zr systems supported on zeolites exhibited high conversion of algal oil. A gradual decrease in conversion was observed when increasing the reduction temperature of the catalyst (from 500 °C to 600 °C and 700 °C) for BEA zeolite catalysts. The reaction products contain hydrocarbons from C<sub>7</sub> to C<sub>33</sub> (for zeolite-supported catalysts) and C<sub>36</sub> (for systems on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). The identified hydrocarbons mainly belong to the gasoil fraction (C<sub>14</sub>–C<sub>22</sub>). In the research, the best catalyst for the algal oil hydrocracking reaction was found to be the 5%Ni-5%Zr/BEA system reduced at 600 °C, which exhibited the second highest algal oil conversion (94.0%). The differences in catalytic activity that occur are due to the differences in the specific surface area among the supports and to differences in the acidity of the catalyst surface depending on the reduction temperature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7af3047d3cbc44b2ae8f714cdb5f16c5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-7af3047d3cbc44b2ae8f714cdb5f16c52024-11-26T18:15:46ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-11-012922538010.3390/molecules29225380The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina PlatensisLukasz Szkudlarek0Karolina A. Chalupka-Spiewak1Aleksandra Zimon2Michal Binczarski3Waldemar Maniukiewicz4Pawel Mierczynski5Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik6Chemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandChemical Department, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, PolandThe aim of this work was to investigate the hydrocracking of algae oil derived from Spirulina Platensis species catalyzed with bi-component nickel-zirconia catalysts supported onto different carriers (BEA, ZSM-5 and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in an autoclave at 320 °C for 2 h with a hydrogen pressure of 75 bar. All catalysts were prepared using the wet co-impregnation method and were characterized by H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, XRD, NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD, BET and SEM-EDS. Before reactions, catalysts were calcined at 600 °C for 4 h in a muffle furnace, then reduced with 5%H<sub>2</sub>-95%Ar reducing mixture at 500 °C, 600 °C or 700 °C for 2 h. The obtained products were analyzed and identified by HPLC and GC-MS techniques. In addition to the investigation of the support effect, the influence of the reduction temperature of catalytic systems on the catalytic activity and selectivity of the products was also examined. The activity results show that Ni-Zr systems supported on zeolites exhibited high conversion of algal oil. A gradual decrease in conversion was observed when increasing the reduction temperature of the catalyst (from 500 °C to 600 °C and 700 °C) for BEA zeolite catalysts. The reaction products contain hydrocarbons from C<sub>7</sub> to C<sub>33</sub> (for zeolite-supported catalysts) and C<sub>36</sub> (for systems on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). The identified hydrocarbons mainly belong to the gasoil fraction (C<sub>14</sub>–C<sub>22</sub>). In the research, the best catalyst for the algal oil hydrocracking reaction was found to be the 5%Ni-5%Zr/BEA system reduced at 600 °C, which exhibited the second highest algal oil conversion (94.0%). The differences in catalytic activity that occur are due to the differences in the specific surface area among the supports and to differences in the acidity of the catalyst surface depending on the reduction temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5380zeolitesnickel catalystshydrocracking of algal oilbimetallic nickel-zirconium catalysts |
| spellingShingle | Lukasz Szkudlarek Karolina A. Chalupka-Spiewak Aleksandra Zimon Michal Binczarski Waldemar Maniukiewicz Pawel Mierczynski Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis Molecules zeolites nickel catalysts hydrocracking of algal oil bimetallic nickel-zirconium catalysts |
| title | The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis |
| title_full | The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis |
| title_short | The Impact of Support and Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts in the Hydrocracking Reaction of Algal Oil from Spirulina Platensis |
| title_sort | impact of support and reduction temperature on the catalytic activity of bimetallic nickel zirconium catalysts in the hydrocracking reaction of algal oil from spirulina platensis |
| topic | zeolites nickel catalysts hydrocracking of algal oil bimetallic nickel-zirconium catalysts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/22/5380 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lukaszszkudlarek theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT karolinaachalupkaspiewak theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT aleksandrazimon theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT michalbinczarski theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT waldemarmaniukiewicz theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT pawelmierczynski theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT malgorzataiwonaszynkowskajozwik theimpactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT lukaszszkudlarek impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT karolinaachalupkaspiewak impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT aleksandrazimon impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT michalbinczarski impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT waldemarmaniukiewicz impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT pawelmierczynski impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis AT malgorzataiwonaszynkowskajozwik impactofsupportandreductiontemperatureonthecatalyticactivityofbimetallicnickelzirconiumcatalystsinthehydrocrackingreactionofalgaloilfromspirulinaplatensis |