Evaluation of Factors Associated with Fatality in Hospitalized Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection
Introduction: Clostridioides difficile typically arises from changes in the microbiota following antibiotic use and can be fatal, especially in hospitalized patients. In this study, we investigated fatality and the associated factors following C. difficile infection (CDI) in hospitalized patients....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Galenos Publishing House
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Mediterranean Journal of Infection, Microbes and Antimicrobials |
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| Online Access: | https://mjima.org/articles/evaluation-of-factors-associated-with-fatality-in-hospitalized-patients-with-lessemgreaterclostridioides-difficilelessemgreater-infection/doi/mjima.galenos.2025.25444.15 |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Clostridioides difficile typically arises from changes in the microbiota following antibiotic use and can be fatal, especially in hospitalized patients. In this study, we investigated fatality and the associated factors following C. difficile infection (CDI) in hospitalized patients.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study included death cases within 30 days, with a corresponding control group comprising survivors. Demographic and clinical data were compared between the two groups. The risk factors for 30 day fatality were analyzed through logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis.
Results: A total of 67 adult patients were enrolled. All-cause mortality occurred in 14 (20.9%) patients within 30 days of diagnosis. Procalcitonin level >0.5 ng/ml at the onset of the episode [odds ratio (OR): 7.407, confidence interval (CI) 1.487-39.906], ongoing antibiotic therapy for infections other than CDI after the onset of a CDI episode (OR: 5.927, CI 1.053-33.357), and the occurrence of CDI in the intensive care unit (ICU) (OR: 4.800, CI 1.066-21.609) were identified as independent risk factors for all-cause 30 day fatality. The impact of these three variables on 30 day fatality was demonstrated through KM survival analysis (log-rank test, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The occurrence of CDI in hospitalized patients warrants special attention owing to its potential to cause mortality. The onset of CDI during an ICU stay and elevated procalcitonin levels at the onset of the related episode may predict poor outcomes. The management of antibiotic use cases leading to CDI following its development may improve survival chances. |
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| ISSN: | 2147-673X |