Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes

Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) faces increased susceptibility to terminal heat stress, a major yield-limiting factor, especially in subtropical regions. Despite India’s anticipated record wheat production for 2024-25, high temperatures during the grain-filling stage threaten yield stability....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mandeep Redhu, Vikram Singh, Somveer Nimbal, Ram Niwas, Shikha Yashveer, Sonu Langaya, Sachin Shehrawat, Rukoo Chawla, Mehdi Rahimi, Mohit Dhukia, Aman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13863-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234450817220608
author Mandeep Redhu
Vikram Singh
Somveer Nimbal
Ram Niwas
Shikha Yashveer
Sonu Langaya
Sachin Shehrawat
Rukoo Chawla
Mehdi Rahimi
Mohit Dhukia
Aman
author_facet Mandeep Redhu
Vikram Singh
Somveer Nimbal
Ram Niwas
Shikha Yashveer
Sonu Langaya
Sachin Shehrawat
Rukoo Chawla
Mehdi Rahimi
Mohit Dhukia
Aman
author_sort Mandeep Redhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) faces increased susceptibility to terminal heat stress, a major yield-limiting factor, especially in subtropical regions. Despite India’s anticipated record wheat production for 2024-25, high temperatures during the grain-filling stage threaten yield stability. This study assessed the relative efficiency of the alpha lattice design (ALD) against the randomized complete block design (RCBD) in quantifying fifteen heat stress indices (HIs) among 200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from WH711 × WH1021. The experiment was conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, during 2018-19 Rabi season over two sowing dates, capturing diverse environmental conditions. Results showed tolerance and yield stability indices with the largest (-56 to 614) and smallest (0.30 to 1.09) ranges, respectively, and most HIs exhibited medium to high heritability. Complementary gene interactions were noted for stress tolerance, yield index, yield stability, relative heat, and heat resistance indices, while duplicate gene interactions were observed for heat susceptibility index. Significant genetic variability among RILs was observed, identifying RILs 34, 59, and 106 as the most heat-tolerant with superior yield and stability. The ALD improves precision, achieving lower error mean squares and reduced coefficients of variation compared to RCBD, with a relative efficiency (RE) range up to 1.05. These findings underscore ALD’s value in managing environmental heterogeneity in trials with large genotype sets and advancing genetic precision under stress, supporting its use in breeding programs focused on developing heat-resilient wheat cultivars amidst rising climatic challenges.
format Article
id doaj-art-79cfa55a051b4a5d99f7cd85b2345073
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-79cfa55a051b4a5d99f7cd85b23450732025-08-20T04:03:07ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-011511810.1038/s41598-025-13863-xAssessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypesMandeep Redhu0Vikram Singh1Somveer Nimbal2Ram Niwas3Shikha Yashveer4Sonu Langaya5Sachin Shehrawat6Rukoo Chawla7Mehdi Rahimi8Mohit Dhukia9Aman10Department of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, College of Agricultural, Life and Physical Sciences, Southern Illinois UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, College of Basic Science and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced TechnologyDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityAbstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) faces increased susceptibility to terminal heat stress, a major yield-limiting factor, especially in subtropical regions. Despite India’s anticipated record wheat production for 2024-25, high temperatures during the grain-filling stage threaten yield stability. This study assessed the relative efficiency of the alpha lattice design (ALD) against the randomized complete block design (RCBD) in quantifying fifteen heat stress indices (HIs) among 200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from WH711 × WH1021. The experiment was conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, during 2018-19 Rabi season over two sowing dates, capturing diverse environmental conditions. Results showed tolerance and yield stability indices with the largest (-56 to 614) and smallest (0.30 to 1.09) ranges, respectively, and most HIs exhibited medium to high heritability. Complementary gene interactions were noted for stress tolerance, yield index, yield stability, relative heat, and heat resistance indices, while duplicate gene interactions were observed for heat susceptibility index. Significant genetic variability among RILs was observed, identifying RILs 34, 59, and 106 as the most heat-tolerant with superior yield and stability. The ALD improves precision, achieving lower error mean squares and reduced coefficients of variation compared to RCBD, with a relative efficiency (RE) range up to 1.05. These findings underscore ALD’s value in managing environmental heterogeneity in trials with large genotype sets and advancing genetic precision under stress, supporting its use in breeding programs focused on developing heat-resilient wheat cultivars amidst rising climatic challenges.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13863-xALDHeatRCBDRelative efficiencyRILsWheat
spellingShingle Mandeep Redhu
Vikram Singh
Somveer Nimbal
Ram Niwas
Shikha Yashveer
Sonu Langaya
Sachin Shehrawat
Rukoo Chawla
Mehdi Rahimi
Mohit Dhukia
Aman
Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
Scientific Reports
ALD
Heat
RCBD
Relative efficiency
RILs
Wheat
title Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
title_full Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
title_fullStr Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
title_full_unstemmed Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
title_short Assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
title_sort assessing alpha lattice design for heat stress indices and yield stability in wheat genotypes
topic ALD
Heat
RCBD
Relative efficiency
RILs
Wheat
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13863-x
work_keys_str_mv AT mandeepredhu assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT vikramsingh assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT somveernimbal assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT ramniwas assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT shikhayashveer assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT sonulangaya assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT sachinshehrawat assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT rukoochawla assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT mehdirahimi assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT mohitdhukia assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes
AT aman assessingalphalatticedesignforheatstressindicesandyieldstabilityinwheatgenotypes