Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial

Background and Aims: Emergence delirium (ED) during the postanesthesia recovery phase presents significant challenges, especially among pediatric patients, with incidence rates spanning from 2% to 80%. This study sought to assess and compare the effectiveness of propofol and dexmedetomidine in addre...

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Main Authors: Vidya Tharu, Naveen Paliwal, Pooja Bihani, Sarita Janweja, Rishabh Jaju, Sunil Kothari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joacp.joacp_373_23
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author Vidya Tharu
Naveen Paliwal
Pooja Bihani
Sarita Janweja
Rishabh Jaju
Sunil Kothari
author_facet Vidya Tharu
Naveen Paliwal
Pooja Bihani
Sarita Janweja
Rishabh Jaju
Sunil Kothari
author_sort Vidya Tharu
collection DOAJ
description Background and Aims: Emergence delirium (ED) during the postanesthesia recovery phase presents significant challenges, especially among pediatric patients, with incidence rates spanning from 2% to 80%. This study sought to assess and compare the effectiveness of propofol and dexmedetomidine in addressing ED in pediatric patients undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia. The primary aim was to ascertain the prevalence of ED in both treatment cohorts, while secondary outcomes encompassed postoperative pain, hemodynamic responses, and the occurrence of complications. Material and Methods: Eighty children aged 2–6 years scheduled for short infraumbilical surgeries under general anesthesia were recruited in this trial. Propofol (1 mg/kg) or dexmedetomidine (0.3 μg/kg) was administered 10 min before completion of surgery. The Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium scale was employed to evaluate ED every 5 min following extubation, wherein a score exceeding 12 was indicative of ED. Postoperative sedation was assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale, while pain levels were determined through the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) score. Any potential complications were closely monitored. Results: The incidence of ED at extubation was 2.50% and 70% in group D and P, respectively, and the trend of lower ED incidence was consistently observed at 5, 10, 15, and 30 min postextubation. The relative risk ratio at extubation was 4.103 (95% confidence interval: 2.49–6.76), highlighting a significant reduction of 4.1 times in the risk of ED when dexmedetomidine was administered. The dexmedetomidine group exhibited a lower incidence of postoperative pain. Conclusion: In comparison to propofol, dexmedetomidine demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing ED and postoperative pain in pediatric patients during general anesthesia, when administered before completion of surgery.
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spelling doaj-art-77bdadf28b684769b40b6dfffa5ec4a92024-12-12T06:51:16ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology0970-91852231-27302024-11-0140469369810.4103/joacp.joacp_373_23Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trialVidya TharuNaveen PaliwalPooja BihaniSarita JanwejaRishabh JajuSunil KothariBackground and Aims: Emergence delirium (ED) during the postanesthesia recovery phase presents significant challenges, especially among pediatric patients, with incidence rates spanning from 2% to 80%. This study sought to assess and compare the effectiveness of propofol and dexmedetomidine in addressing ED in pediatric patients undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia. The primary aim was to ascertain the prevalence of ED in both treatment cohorts, while secondary outcomes encompassed postoperative pain, hemodynamic responses, and the occurrence of complications. Material and Methods: Eighty children aged 2–6 years scheduled for short infraumbilical surgeries under general anesthesia were recruited in this trial. Propofol (1 mg/kg) or dexmedetomidine (0.3 μg/kg) was administered 10 min before completion of surgery. The Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium scale was employed to evaluate ED every 5 min following extubation, wherein a score exceeding 12 was indicative of ED. Postoperative sedation was assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale, while pain levels were determined through the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) score. Any potential complications were closely monitored. Results: The incidence of ED at extubation was 2.50% and 70% in group D and P, respectively, and the trend of lower ED incidence was consistently observed at 5, 10, 15, and 30 min postextubation. The relative risk ratio at extubation was 4.103 (95% confidence interval: 2.49–6.76), highlighting a significant reduction of 4.1 times in the risk of ED when dexmedetomidine was administered. The dexmedetomidine group exhibited a lower incidence of postoperative pain. Conclusion: In comparison to propofol, dexmedetomidine demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing ED and postoperative pain in pediatric patients during general anesthesia, when administered before completion of surgery.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joacp.joacp_373_23dexmedetomidineemergence deliriumgeneral anesthesiapediatricpropofol
spellingShingle Vidya Tharu
Naveen Paliwal
Pooja Bihani
Sarita Janweja
Rishabh Jaju
Sunil Kothari
Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology
dexmedetomidine
emergence delirium
general anesthesia
pediatric
propofol
title Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
title_full Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
title_fullStr Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
title_short Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
title_sort comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia a randomized double blind trial
topic dexmedetomidine
emergence delirium
general anesthesia
pediatric
propofol
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joacp.joacp_373_23
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