Long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and multi-level socioeconomic status: joint effects on age-related macular degeneration, subsequent ocular comorbidity, and death in middle-aged and older adults

Long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and multi-level socioeconomic status: joint effects on age-related macular degeneration, subsequent ocular comorbidity, and death in middle-aged and older adults

Abstract Background Both air pollution and socioeconomic status (SES) are recognized as significant determinants of health outcomes. However, no study has explored the combined effects of air pollutants and SES on (1) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence; (2) trajectories from baseline t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yang Yang, Liangkai Chen, Qichen Liu, Min Mu, Jing Huang, Guangming Zhang, Qianqian Song
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Medicine
Subjects:
Air pollution
Socioeconomic status
Age-related macular degeneration
Ocular comorbidity
Mortality
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04224-6
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