The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study

Background & Aims: Rotational malalignment after intramedullary nailing of intertrochanteric fractures is a relatively common complication that may have a crucial impact on both functional outcome and a fracture’s healing properties, ultimately affecting the patient’s postoperative morbidity and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michail Vavourakis, Athanasios Galanis, Dimitrios Zachariou, Evangelos Sakellariou, Christos Patilas, Panagiotis Karampinas, Angelos Kaspiris, Meletis Rozis, John Vlamis, Elias Vasiliadis, Spiros Pneumaticos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/9/4/247
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846104218054688768
author Michail Vavourakis
Athanasios Galanis
Dimitrios Zachariou
Evangelos Sakellariou
Christos Patilas
Panagiotis Karampinas
Angelos Kaspiris
Meletis Rozis
John Vlamis
Elias Vasiliadis
Spiros Pneumaticos
author_facet Michail Vavourakis
Athanasios Galanis
Dimitrios Zachariou
Evangelos Sakellariou
Christos Patilas
Panagiotis Karampinas
Angelos Kaspiris
Meletis Rozis
John Vlamis
Elias Vasiliadis
Spiros Pneumaticos
author_sort Michail Vavourakis
collection DOAJ
description Background & Aims: Rotational malalignment after intramedullary nailing of intertrochanteric fractures is a relatively common complication that may have a crucial impact on both functional outcome and a fracture’s healing properties, ultimately affecting the patient’s postoperative morbidity and mortality. Methods: 74 patients treated with intramedullary nailing due to an intertrochanteric fracture underwent a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan of the hips and knees. The femoral anteversion difference (D angle) between the operated and healthy hip was calculated using the technique described by Jeanmart’s method. The patients were divided into two groups according to their D angle values: a D angle less than 15° was considered an acceptable rotational alignment (group A), while a D angle equal to or more than 15° was considered a rotational deformity (group B). Postoperatively, the functional level of each patient was evaluated at the 6-month and 1-year follow-up visits and compared to the pre-fracture status using the modified Harris hip score (mHHS). Also, fracture union, other postoperative complications, and patient mortality were noted. Results: The mean femoral anteversion difference was 12.3° with a standard deviation of 10.3°. Of the 74 patients, 51 (68.9%) were assigned to group A and 23 (31.1%) to group B. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, 67 (90.5%) patients had survived and 7 (9.5%) were deceased, with our statistical analysis indicating a linear trend (<i>p</i>-value = 0.048) between the presence of rotational malalignment and 6-month mortality. At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, 63 (85.1%) patients survived and 11 (14.9%) were deceased, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.031) between the presence of rotational malalignment and the 1-year mortality. Regarding the functional outcome six months after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 8.7/100 with a standard deviation of 6.1 for the 49 patients in group A and 14.5/100 with a standard deviation of 12.4 for the 18 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant difference (<i>t</i> = −2.536, significance < 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. As for the functional outcome one year after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 4.9/100 with a standard deviation of 7.8 for the 47 patients in group A and 8.3/100 with a standard deviation of 13 for the 16 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating no significant difference (<i>t</i> = −1.266, significance > 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. The only postoperative complication noted was fracture non-union, presenting in two patients (3%), with the statistical analysis indicating no significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.698) between this complication and the presence of rotational malalignment. Conclusions: In this study, rotational malalignment after intertrochanteric fracture intramedullary nailing presents in 31.1% of cases. The correlation between this malalignment and functional outcomes shows a decline in patients’ functional abilities during the first six postoperative months, a condition that improves over time, with most patients returning to their preoperative functional status one year after the operation. Furthermore, our results indicate a possible relationship between rotational malalignment and mortality within one year. Future research should focus on creating a more detailed, functional evaluation system for the elderly and applying it to a larger sample to confirm these findings.
format Article
id doaj-art-76eb1bedc81949cb8e19b370d57a6edc
institution Kabale University
issn 2411-5142
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
spelling doaj-art-76eb1bedc81949cb8e19b370d57a6edc2024-12-27T14:32:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422024-11-019424710.3390/jfmk9040247The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective StudyMichail Vavourakis0Athanasios Galanis1Dimitrios Zachariou2Evangelos Sakellariou3Christos Patilas4Panagiotis Karampinas5Angelos Kaspiris6Meletis Rozis7John Vlamis8Elias Vasiliadis9Spiros Pneumaticos103rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, GreeceBackground & Aims: Rotational malalignment after intramedullary nailing of intertrochanteric fractures is a relatively common complication that may have a crucial impact on both functional outcome and a fracture’s healing properties, ultimately affecting the patient’s postoperative morbidity and mortality. Methods: 74 patients treated with intramedullary nailing due to an intertrochanteric fracture underwent a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan of the hips and knees. The femoral anteversion difference (D angle) between the operated and healthy hip was calculated using the technique described by Jeanmart’s method. The patients were divided into two groups according to their D angle values: a D angle less than 15° was considered an acceptable rotational alignment (group A), while a D angle equal to or more than 15° was considered a rotational deformity (group B). Postoperatively, the functional level of each patient was evaluated at the 6-month and 1-year follow-up visits and compared to the pre-fracture status using the modified Harris hip score (mHHS). Also, fracture union, other postoperative complications, and patient mortality were noted. Results: The mean femoral anteversion difference was 12.3° with a standard deviation of 10.3°. Of the 74 patients, 51 (68.9%) were assigned to group A and 23 (31.1%) to group B. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, 67 (90.5%) patients had survived and 7 (9.5%) were deceased, with our statistical analysis indicating a linear trend (<i>p</i>-value = 0.048) between the presence of rotational malalignment and 6-month mortality. At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, 63 (85.1%) patients survived and 11 (14.9%) were deceased, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.031) between the presence of rotational malalignment and the 1-year mortality. Regarding the functional outcome six months after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 8.7/100 with a standard deviation of 6.1 for the 49 patients in group A and 14.5/100 with a standard deviation of 12.4 for the 18 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant difference (<i>t</i> = −2.536, significance < 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. As for the functional outcome one year after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 4.9/100 with a standard deviation of 7.8 for the 47 patients in group A and 8.3/100 with a standard deviation of 13 for the 16 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating no significant difference (<i>t</i> = −1.266, significance > 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. The only postoperative complication noted was fracture non-union, presenting in two patients (3%), with the statistical analysis indicating no significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.698) between this complication and the presence of rotational malalignment. Conclusions: In this study, rotational malalignment after intertrochanteric fracture intramedullary nailing presents in 31.1% of cases. The correlation between this malalignment and functional outcomes shows a decline in patients’ functional abilities during the first six postoperative months, a condition that improves over time, with most patients returning to their preoperative functional status one year after the operation. Furthermore, our results indicate a possible relationship between rotational malalignment and mortality within one year. Future research should focus on creating a more detailed, functional evaluation system for the elderly and applying it to a larger sample to confirm these findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/9/4/247hiphip anteversionfemurfemoral anteversionrotational alignmentrotational deformity
spellingShingle Michail Vavourakis
Athanasios Galanis
Dimitrios Zachariou
Evangelos Sakellariou
Christos Patilas
Panagiotis Karampinas
Angelos Kaspiris
Meletis Rozis
John Vlamis
Elias Vasiliadis
Spiros Pneumaticos
The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
hip
hip anteversion
femur
femoral anteversion
rotational alignment
rotational deformity
title The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
title_full The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
title_fullStr The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
title_short The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients’ Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study
title_sort impact of rotational malalignment following intramedullary nailing for intertrochanteric fractures on patients functional outcomes a prospective study
topic hip
hip anteversion
femur
femoral anteversion
rotational alignment
rotational deformity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/9/4/247
work_keys_str_mv AT michailvavourakis theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT athanasiosgalanis theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT dimitrioszachariou theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT evangelossakellariou theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT christospatilas theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT panagiotiskarampinas theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT angeloskaspiris theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT meletisrozis theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT johnvlamis theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT eliasvasiliadis theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT spirospneumaticos theimpactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT michailvavourakis impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT athanasiosgalanis impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT dimitrioszachariou impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT evangelossakellariou impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT christospatilas impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT panagiotiskarampinas impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT angeloskaspiris impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT meletisrozis impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT johnvlamis impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT eliasvasiliadis impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy
AT spirospneumaticos impactofrotationalmalalignmentfollowingintramedullarynailingforintertrochantericfracturesonpatientsfunctionaloutcomesaprospectivestudy