Exposure assessment for air-to-skin uptake of traditional and emerging organophosphate flame retardants

Exposure assessment for air-to-skin uptake of traditional and emerging organophosphate flame retardants

Human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) via direct air-to-skin uptake that may be comparable to or even exceed inhalation. Previous studies have mainly focused on traditional OPFRs (tOPFRs) without sufficient attentions to emerging OPFRs (eOPFRs), such as isopropylated or tert-but...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yujuan Fan, Ran Qi, Sicong Dong, Jing Zhang, Shiyu Shi, Youhua Zhao, Pengkun Wei, Guangxuan Yan, Ke Cheng, Huanjia Liu, Dan Yao, Chen Chen, Zhiguo Cao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Environment International
Subjects:
Organophosphate flame retardants
Air-to-skin uptake
Stratum corneum
Vertical distribution
Diffusion model
Exposure assessment
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025004799
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