Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis

Abstract Background Point of Care ultrasound (POCUS) is rapidly gaining popularity in resource constrained settings. Optimising training is important to ensure safe and effective implementation. To expand POCUS expertise in Ghana, we co-developed and piloted a context specific, multi-disciplinary, b...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anna Pathak, Felix Limbani, Yaw Asante Awuku, Angela Booth, Elizabeth Joekes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Medical Education
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06250-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846136994758918144
author Anna Pathak
Felix Limbani
Yaw Asante Awuku
Angela Booth
Elizabeth Joekes
author_facet Anna Pathak
Felix Limbani
Yaw Asante Awuku
Angela Booth
Elizabeth Joekes
author_sort Anna Pathak
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Point of Care ultrasound (POCUS) is rapidly gaining popularity in resource constrained settings. Optimising training is important to ensure safe and effective implementation. To expand POCUS expertise in Ghana, we co-developed and piloted a context specific, multi-disciplinary, blended learning programme, targeted at physicians of any grade or speciality providing acute care in the public health sector. In this retrospective mixed method study, we capture the “real world” experience of participants, using POCUS in their daily practice, as well as the barriers and enablers they perceived to implementation. Results Eight emergency and internal medicine specialists and residents participated, working across three teaching hospitals, treating both general and specialist patients. They implemented each POCUS application taught, with cardiac indications, inferior vena cava (IVC) assessment, deep venous thrombosis (DVT) diagnosis, lung/pleural assessment and peripheral vascular access being most frequent at 3–6 times/week. An estimated 40% of patients could not have afforded any other diagnostic tests. They considered the pilot curriculum adequate for general practice and the majority of applications of low difficulty (71%). For cases sent for second opinion, they are self-reported that their findings were confirmed in 60–78% of cases. Perceptions about the relative advantage of POCUS over the usual approaches to diagnosing patients enabled implementation. Generally, they believed that POCUS improved their clinical decision making and that more certified training courses need to be run at lower cost to make them more accessible. All participants valued ongoing connections after training to ask for help and consolidate their skills. Continued evaluation and reflection on their POCUS practice to improve quality was unanimously reported as important, yet none had a formal system for this. The strongest barrier was access to equipment and maintenance. A lack of training opportunities and local mentors, and negative beliefs from other departments and hospital administration were further barriers. Conclusion Our new blended learning curriculum met the needs of physicians caring for patients with general and specialist presentations, with strong reported positive experience of improved bedside diagnostic capabilities, especially for the large proportion of patients unable to afford or access alternative diagnostic tests. Their experience drives the need for further training and for solutions to current barriers of equipment availability, training costs and lack of quality assurance mechanisms.
format Article
id doaj-art-762118e9b50e47b1a6369121f9686201
institution Kabale University
issn 1472-6920
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Medical Education
spelling doaj-art-762118e9b50e47b1a6369121f96862012024-12-08T12:34:12ZengBMCBMC Medical Education1472-69202024-12-0124111110.1186/s12909-024-06250-zPhysicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysisAnna Pathak0Felix Limbani1Yaw Asante Awuku2Angela Booth3Elizabeth Joekes4University of Oxford Medical SchoolMalawi-Liverpool-Wellcome ProgrammeDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Health and Allied SciencesSchool of Health and Society, University of SalfordWorldwide RadiologyAbstract Background Point of Care ultrasound (POCUS) is rapidly gaining popularity in resource constrained settings. Optimising training is important to ensure safe and effective implementation. To expand POCUS expertise in Ghana, we co-developed and piloted a context specific, multi-disciplinary, blended learning programme, targeted at physicians of any grade or speciality providing acute care in the public health sector. In this retrospective mixed method study, we capture the “real world” experience of participants, using POCUS in their daily practice, as well as the barriers and enablers they perceived to implementation. Results Eight emergency and internal medicine specialists and residents participated, working across three teaching hospitals, treating both general and specialist patients. They implemented each POCUS application taught, with cardiac indications, inferior vena cava (IVC) assessment, deep venous thrombosis (DVT) diagnosis, lung/pleural assessment and peripheral vascular access being most frequent at 3–6 times/week. An estimated 40% of patients could not have afforded any other diagnostic tests. They considered the pilot curriculum adequate for general practice and the majority of applications of low difficulty (71%). For cases sent for second opinion, they are self-reported that their findings were confirmed in 60–78% of cases. Perceptions about the relative advantage of POCUS over the usual approaches to diagnosing patients enabled implementation. Generally, they believed that POCUS improved their clinical decision making and that more certified training courses need to be run at lower cost to make them more accessible. All participants valued ongoing connections after training to ask for help and consolidate their skills. Continued evaluation and reflection on their POCUS practice to improve quality was unanimously reported as important, yet none had a formal system for this. The strongest barrier was access to equipment and maintenance. A lack of training opportunities and local mentors, and negative beliefs from other departments and hospital administration were further barriers. Conclusion Our new blended learning curriculum met the needs of physicians caring for patients with general and specialist presentations, with strong reported positive experience of improved bedside diagnostic capabilities, especially for the large proportion of patients unable to afford or access alternative diagnostic tests. Their experience drives the need for further training and for solutions to current barriers of equipment availability, training costs and lack of quality assurance mechanisms.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06250-zUltrasoundImplementationPoint of Care UltrasoundGhanaLow- and Middle-Income CountriesCurriculum
spellingShingle Anna Pathak
Felix Limbani
Yaw Asante Awuku
Angela Booth
Elizabeth Joekes
Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
BMC Medical Education
Ultrasound
Implementation
Point of Care Ultrasound
Ghana
Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Curriculum
title Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
title_full Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
title_fullStr Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
title_full_unstemmed Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
title_short Physicians’ clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot, blended learning, point of care ultrasound course in Ghana- a mixed methods analysis
title_sort physicians clinical experience and perspectives following a pilot blended learning point of care ultrasound course in ghana a mixed methods analysis
topic Ultrasound
Implementation
Point of Care Ultrasound
Ghana
Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Curriculum
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06250-z
work_keys_str_mv AT annapathak physiciansclinicalexperienceandperspectivesfollowingapilotblendedlearningpointofcareultrasoundcourseinghanaamixedmethodsanalysis
AT felixlimbani physiciansclinicalexperienceandperspectivesfollowingapilotblendedlearningpointofcareultrasoundcourseinghanaamixedmethodsanalysis
AT yawasanteawuku physiciansclinicalexperienceandperspectivesfollowingapilotblendedlearningpointofcareultrasoundcourseinghanaamixedmethodsanalysis
AT angelabooth physiciansclinicalexperienceandperspectivesfollowingapilotblendedlearningpointofcareultrasoundcourseinghanaamixedmethodsanalysis
AT elizabethjoekes physiciansclinicalexperienceandperspectivesfollowingapilotblendedlearningpointofcareultrasoundcourseinghanaamixedmethodsanalysis