Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>

<i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i> is the causal pathogen of the devastating tomato gray leaf spot with a wide range of alternative plant hosts. To mitigate its potential endemic in facility-cultivated tomatoes, novel disease control strategies should be attempted to minimize the use of chem...

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Main Authors: Dezhen Zhang, Wenjuan Chi, Tingting Li, Cuicui Wang, Jing Zhang, Haoqin Pan, Ning Qiao, Jintang Li, Xiaoan Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/330
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author Dezhen Zhang
Wenjuan Chi
Tingting Li
Cuicui Wang
Jing Zhang
Haoqin Pan
Ning Qiao
Jintang Li
Xiaoan Sun
author_facet Dezhen Zhang
Wenjuan Chi
Tingting Li
Cuicui Wang
Jing Zhang
Haoqin Pan
Ning Qiao
Jintang Li
Xiaoan Sun
author_sort Dezhen Zhang
collection DOAJ
description <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i> is the causal pathogen of the devastating tomato gray leaf spot with a wide range of alternative plant hosts. To mitigate its potential endemic in facility-cultivated tomatoes, novel disease control strategies should be attempted to minimize the use of chemical fungicides. In this study, we identified a metalloprotease from <i>S. lycopersici</i> genome and designated it as SlMEP1, as it appears to be a typical zinc metalloproteinase containing a WLM (WSS1-like metalloprotease) domain and a characteristic HEXXH motif, which we determined by analyzing its transcriptional profile and enzymatic functions. The transcription level of <i>SlMEP1</i> increased greatly during the fungal invasion of tomato leaves. The deletion of the <i>SlMEP1</i> gene from <i>S. lycopersici</i> hindered its mycelial growth and reduced its pathogenicity. An assessment of the functional dissection indicated that SlMEP1 induced cell collapse and inhibited the expression of the host chitinases, which consequently made tomato cells more susceptible to <i>S. lycopersici</i> and other pathogenic fungi.
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issn 2309-608X
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Journal of Fungi
spelling doaj-art-74795c901b6845ccbe094809b65ea34b2025-08-20T03:14:39ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-04-0111533010.3390/jof11050330Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>Dezhen Zhang0Wenjuan Chi1Tingting Li2Cuicui Wang3Jing Zhang4Haoqin Pan5Ning Qiao6Jintang Li7Xiaoan Sun8Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, ChinaShandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China<i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i> is the causal pathogen of the devastating tomato gray leaf spot with a wide range of alternative plant hosts. To mitigate its potential endemic in facility-cultivated tomatoes, novel disease control strategies should be attempted to minimize the use of chemical fungicides. In this study, we identified a metalloprotease from <i>S. lycopersici</i> genome and designated it as SlMEP1, as it appears to be a typical zinc metalloproteinase containing a WLM (WSS1-like metalloprotease) domain and a characteristic HEXXH motif, which we determined by analyzing its transcriptional profile and enzymatic functions. The transcription level of <i>SlMEP1</i> increased greatly during the fungal invasion of tomato leaves. The deletion of the <i>SlMEP1</i> gene from <i>S. lycopersici</i> hindered its mycelial growth and reduced its pathogenicity. An assessment of the functional dissection indicated that SlMEP1 induced cell collapse and inhibited the expression of the host chitinases, which consequently made tomato cells more susceptible to <i>S. lycopersici</i> and other pathogenic fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/330<i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>metalloproteasepathogenicitytomato
spellingShingle Dezhen Zhang
Wenjuan Chi
Tingting Li
Cuicui Wang
Jing Zhang
Haoqin Pan
Ning Qiao
Jintang Li
Xiaoan Sun
Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
Journal of Fungi
<i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
metalloprotease
pathogenicity
tomato
title Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
title_full Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
title_fullStr Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
title_full_unstemmed Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
title_short Zinc Metalloprotease SlMEP1: An Essential Factor Required for Fungal Virulence in <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
title_sort zinc metalloprotease slmep1 an essential factor required for fungal virulence in i stemphylium lycopersici i
topic <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>
metalloprotease
pathogenicity
tomato
url https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/330
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