Structural relationships among physical literacy, mental toughness, athletic mental energy, achievement emotions, and COVID-19-induced negative psychological states in Chinese adolescents

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the structural relationships among Physical Literacy, Mental Toughness, Athletic Mental Energy, Achievement Emotions Positive, Achievement Emotions Negative, and COVID-19-Induced Negative Psychological States in Chinese adolescents. The study aimed t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiarun Wu, Garry Kuan, Xinding Zhang, Frank J. H. Lu, Diane L. Gill, Yee Cheng Kueh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06295-0
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